Generalidades de Virus

 

Ahdhrbnckbkhs Ahdhrbnckbk hs kh vcrus  

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\crus scadclfbob vhdhd` hd hn scan` \ZCCC Hd nb bftubnckbk sh khldhd f`e` f÷eun`s kh oc`e`nãfunbs quh d` puhkhd rhpncfbrsh p`r så ecse`s dc scdthzbr p`r så ecse` sus pr`pc`s f`ep`dhdths D` sh puhkhd khldcr khldcr f`e` ecfr`rabdcse` vcv`s Vu tbebò` hs vbrcbonh7 phquhò`s f`e` n`s pbrv`vcrus ` eâs arbdkhs f`e` n`s vcrus p`x (vcruhnb) Vh f`ep`rtbd f`e` pbrâsct`s `oncabk`s h cdhffc`s`s, schdk` n`s bahdths cdhffc`s`s eâs phquhò`s

V`d kh fbrâfthr hstrcftbehdth cdtrbfhnunbr, s`d fbpbfhs kh rhf`d`fhr fãnunbs h cdhftbrnbs D` p`shhd dbkb eâs quh hn ebthrcbn ahdãf` y udb quh `trb pr`thådb y nåpck`s p`r hs` s`d pbrâsct`s hstrcftbehdth cdtrbfhnunbrhs Hs udb fuochrtb pr`thcfb f`d ebthrcbn ahdãf` ncorh hd su cdthrc`r ]uhkhd cdvbkcr fãnunbs vhahtbnhs, bdcebnhs y obfthrcbs

Bahdths quh pbrhfhd vcrus phr` d` n` s`d 2. ?. 6. ;.

[r [rbe bep p`s` `s`dhs ]nbseck`s \cr`ckhs ]rc`dhs ]rc`dhs (pr`thåd (pr`thådbs bs f`d ebthrc ebthrcbn bn ahdãf` ahdãf` bntbehd bntbehdth th cdhffc`s cdhffc`s`) `)

D` frhfhd hd ehkc`s kh funv`s, khock` b quh f`e` s`d pbrâsct`s cdtrbfhnunbrhs `oncabk`s `oncabk`s rhquchrhd kh ehkc`s kh funv`s funv`s fhnunbrhs (euy fbr`s) Hstrufturb vcrbn  

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F`dstuck`s p`r ebfr`e`nãfunbs quh nh f`dlhrhd sus pr`pchkbkhs oc`nöacfbs y scf`-quåecfbs scf`-quåecfbs N`s f`ep`dhdths quh f`dstuyhd b n`s vcrus ahdhrbnehdth s`d âfck`s dufnhcf`s y pr`thådbs (ud vcrus d` dhfhsctb eâs quh hs` pbrb shr udfc`dbn) phr` bpbrth bnaud`s hdh nåpck`s h jckrbt`s kh fbro`d`s quh puhkhd shr pr`pc`s kh nb fãnunb vcrbn ` puhkhd shr pr`vcst`s p`r nb fãnunb ebkrh hd nb fubn sh vbd b rhpncfbr. N`s âfck`s dufnhcf`s f`d nbs pr`thådbs `rebd nb dufnh`fbpsunb quh hs nb quh f`dhdh hn vcrus y hs nb udckbk udfc`dbn pbrb hn vcrus, sc b dufnh`fbpsunb sh r`eph hn vcrus khgb kh shr bfv`. Hn fbps`ehr` s`d nbs pr`thådbs quh hdvuhnvhd bn âfck` dufnhcf`.

 

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Âfck` dufnhcf`7 puhkh shr B_D f`e` BKD, hs fbrbfthråsf` pbrb ud khthrecdbk khthrecdbk` ` vcrus y quh f`dstuyh su ahd`eb ]r`thådbs7 ]r`thådb s7 `rebd pbrth kh nb hstrufturb hstruftur b vcrbn y hstâd f`kclfbkbs hd hn ahd`eb vcrbn. D` s`d eufjbs hg7 vcrus p`nc` (;) p`xvcrus (2==) Nåpck`s7 puhkhd hstbr hstb r `rebdk` pbrth kh nb hdv`nturb hxthr hxthrdb db b nb fbpsckh Jckrbt`ss kh fbro`d`7 tbeocãd Jckrbt` tbeo cãd puhkhd shr pbrth kh hdv`nturbs ` kh `trbs hstrufturbs vcrbnhs.

B7 vcrus khsduk` O7 \crus fuochrt` p`r hdv`nturb ` ebdt`. F`epuhst` p`r pr`thådbs, nåpck`s h jckrbt`s kh fbro`d` kchrhdth b n`s quh hdh hd su fbpsckh.

\crus f`d hdv`nturb7  Dufnh`fbpsckh7 bft÷b gudt` f`d nb hdv`nturb f`e` bnebfhdbechdt`, pr`thffcöd y trbdsp`rth khn vcrus kh ud 

`rabdcse` cdhftbk` p`r hn vcrus b `tr`, ` scepnhehdth b nbs fãnunbs khn ecse` a nuf`pr`thcdbs. V`n` sh ebdhdhd obg` s`nufc`d s`nufc`dhs hs bfu`sbs, hst` Hdv`nturb7 eheorbdb `rebkb p`r nåpck`s, pr`thådbs y anuf`pr`thcdbs. jbfh quh hst`s p`s kh vcrus shbd eâs nâocnhs (râacnhs). Vh r`eph hd f`dkcfc`dhs kh khshfbech khshfbechdt`, dt`, âfck`s y khthrahdths jbfchdk` quh sh cdbfvh hn vcrus. Hstb fnbsh kh vcrus f`d hdv`nturb sh trbdsecth p`r a`tbs, nåquck`s, sbdarh y thgck`s (ahdhrbnehdth p`r f`dtbft` kcrhft`) kcrhft`) hg7 \CJ, pbpcn`eb. Nb hdv`nturb hs hxthrdb y d` dhfhsbrc dhfhsbrcbb pbrb nb udfc`dbnckbk khn vcrus

\crus scd hdv`nturb7 s`n` p`shhd fbpsckh  Fbpsckh7  f`dhdh hn ebthrcbn ahdãf`, sc sh r`eph sh

cdbfvb phr` s`d eâs rhscsthdths b nb khshfbfc`dhs, âfck`s y khthrahdths. Ahdhrbnehdth Ahdhrbnehdth sh trbdsecth p`r hfbs ` baubs rhsckubnhs, pr`kufhd ahdhrbnehdth fubkr`s hdtãrcf`s. Hg7 ud

bkhd`vcrus ` r`tbvcrus. Fnbsclfbfcöd vcrbn7 2. Fnbsclfbfcöd Fnbsclfbfcö d tbx`döecfb -Lbecncb7 sulg` ‚–vcrckbh–– hg7 Jhrphsvcrckbh -Vuobecncb7 ‚–vcrcdbh––7 Bnpjbjhrphsvcrcdbh Bnpjbjhrphsvcrcdbh -Ahdhr`7 ‚–vcrus––7 Vcepnhxvcrus -Vuoahdhr`7 bnaudbs becncbs -Hsphfch7 d` hstâ `rebnehdth khldckb hg7 vcrus scepnhx ? ?. Nuabr k`dkh pr`kufhd hdhrehkbk7 h dhrehkbk7 -Dhur`tröpcf`s7 hd hn VDF Hd hn bpbrbt` kcahsv` 6. -Hdthr`tr`pcf`s7 [cp` kh j`sphkbk`r hn fubn kbòb7 -Bdcebnhs -\hahtbnhs -Juebd`s -Obfthrcöba`s

 

;. Fbrb Fbrbfthrc fthrcsfb sfbss hstruft hstrufturbn urbnhs hs ` kh rhpncfb rhpncfbfcöd7 fcöd7

-[bebò` -L`reb -[cp` kh âfck` dufnhcf` -Vc` kh rhpncfbfcöd -Hhft` fct`pbf` quh pr`kufhd 8. Frcthr Frcthrc` c` hpc hpckhe khec`n c`nöac öacf` f`

-Hdthrcf`s7 rhpncfbd hd trbft` cdthsdbn (trbdsecscöd hfbn-`rbn) -_hspcrbt`rc`s7s) rhpncfbd hd trbft` rhspcrbt`rc`, s`d bkqucrck`s p`r cdjbnbfcöd (trbdsecscöd rhspcrbt`rcb, ebd`dbrcz/o`fb/`g` dbrcz/o`fb/`g`s) quh cdarhsbd b nbs euf`sbs rhspcrbt`rcbs khn trbft` rhspcrbt`rc` bnt` -Bro`vcrus7 vcrus trbdsp`rtbk`s p`r brtröp`k`s, rhpncfbd hd n`s brtröp`k`s jhebtöba`s y s`d trbdseck`s p`r e`rkhkurbs b n`s j`sphkbk`rhs vhrthorbk`s (\crhecb) -@df`ahdcf`s7 bkqucrck`s p`r f`dtbft` kcrhft` (cdfnuyh f`dtbft` shxubn) usubnehdth bhftbd thgck`s onbdf`s hsphfålf`s. Hg7 vcrus khn pbpcn`eb juebd`