Formato 144 - Manual PB - Português
March 8, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download Formato 144 - Manual PB - Português...
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DHEWHI C@ WRWÈ_K@
]O ]@_SWAWÆR _G\KRÂ@ 3 ‒ L@_DHS@ E¶ 833 ‒ ?>.=7.?=8?
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
]ihbh cg Kcgetklkbháâ` ch Bhrr`bgrkh @s Wsuèrk`s cgvgd sgdprg rgb`rrgr h` eödgr` cg lhorkbháâ` ch bhrr`bgrkh phrh quhiqugr sktuháâ` `ecg nhfh egbgsskchcg cg pgckr kel`rdhá÷gs h lèorkbh `u phrh quhiqugr ud c`s rgprgsgethetgs cg pgáhs g sgrvká`s. Gstg eödgr` kcgetklkbh ` d`cgi` g ë ud bòcka` cg rhstrghdget` c` pr`cut`. Rgdprg tgenh gd dâ`s ` eödgr` ch bhrr`bgrkh phrh pgckc`s cg pgáhs g pgckc`s cg kel`rdhá÷gs tëbekbhs. H pihbh cg kcgetklkbháâ` geb`etrh-sg hlkxhch eh rgakâ` c`s cgarhus cg getrhch ch p`rth ckhetgkrh.
@s bhdp`s ch pihbh cg kcgetklkbháâ` gstâ` hsskd `rahekzhc`s6 8 ‒ EÖDG_@ ‒ EÖDG_@ ‒ ‒ Eödgr` Eödgr` cg bhrr`bgrkh ‒ bhrr`bgrkh ‒ gstg gstg eödgr` ë agrhc` p`r qugst÷gs igahks, hpikbèvgi hpgehs phrh hiaues phäsgs. ? ‒ D@CGI@ ‒ D@CGI@ - Gstg trhz ` d`cgi` cg bhrr`bgrkh, sgdprg sgdprg trhrè hs kesbrká÷gs BGESW_[ `u ]O. 2 ‒ SH_H ‒ SH_H (ja) ‒ (ja) ‒ ]gs` ]gs` c` vgäbui` vhzk`. 3 ‒ I@SHÁÂ@ ‒ I@SHÁÂ@ ‒ ‒ Dèxkdh Dèxkdh bhphbkchcg cg phsshagkr`s pgrdktkch p`r igk. 7 ‒ CHSG ‒ CHSG ‒ ‒ Chth Chth cg lhorkbháâ` ch bhrr`bgrkh. < ‒ @_CGD ‒ @_CGD CG LHO_KBHÁÂ@ ‒ LHO_KBHÁÂ@ ‒ Gstg Gstg ë ud eödgr` phrh rhstrghdget` c` pr`cut` agrhc` pgih Krkzhr. Rgdprg cgvg hb`dphenhr pgckc`s cg pgáhs `u quhiqugr kel`rdháâ` tëbekbh quhec` s`ikbkthch h lèorkbh `u rgprgsgethetg cg sgrvká`. Gstg eödgr` ë l`rdhc` p`r < hiahrkd`s g h cklgrgebkháâ` c`s d`cgi`s cg bhrr`bgrkhs `b`rrg e`s c`ks prkdgkr`s cäakt`s b`d` sgaug6
?8^^^^ ‒ ?8^^^^ ‒ Krkzhr Krkzhr ]O
?2^^^^ ‒ ?2^^^^ ‒ Krkzhr Krkzhr Bgetury ]rgdkud
?88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
I`bhikzháâ` ch ]ihbh cg Kcgetklkbháâ`
H` ihc` ch gsbhch cg hbgss` eh p`rth
D`cgi`s cg Bhrr`bgrkhs Krkzhr @s d`cgi`s cg bhrr`bgrkhs Krkzhr Bgetury cklgrgebkhd-sg pgi` gstki` cg hbhohdget` g gstâ` bihssklkbhc`s b`d` ]rgdkud, Iuxury g Rgdk-iuxury. ]hrh bhch ud c`s gstki`s c`s hbhohdget`s, cglkegd-sg hiturhs p`ssävgks phrh ` vgäbui`, b`d` sgaug.
Hiturh Dèx. (N)6 Ihraurh Dèx.(Q)6 B`dprkdget` Dèx. (I)6
Bgetury ]rgdkud 2,;d ?,== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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3
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
ÄECKBG GES_GAH C@ \GÄBWI@
;
8 HBGRR@R, ]@_SHR G SHD]HR
88 88
8.8 HBGRR@R 8.8 8.8.8 HBGRR@ H@R OHAHAGK_@R 8.8.? HBGRR@ Í SHD]H R@O_G _@CHR 8.? ]@_SHR 8.? 8.?.8 LWEBK@EHDGES@ E@_DHI CG ]@_SHR G SHD]HR CG OHAHAGK_@R 8.?.? RGERKOKIKCHCG 8.?.2 GDG_AÆEBKH 8.?.3 DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CH ]@_SH 8.2 SHD]HR 8.2 8.2.8 LWEBK@EHDGES@ E@_DHI CHR SHD]HR CG OHAHAGK_@R O HAHAGK_@R ]EGWDÈSKBHR 8.2.? DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CHR SHD]HR ]EGWDÈSKBHR 8.2.2 DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CG SHD]HR DHEWHKR
88 88 88 88 88 88 88 8? 8? 82 82 82 82 83 83
? ]@RS@ CG B@ECWÁÂ@
83 83
2 HBK@EHEC@ @ \GÄBWI@
83 83
3 ]HKEGI CG SGBIHR
8< 8.8 WEKCHCG CG B@ES_@IG >.8 >.8.8 CGRB_KÁÂ@ CG LWEBK@EHDGES@ >.? IKAHC@6 HWS@-BNGBJKEA >.? >.2 ]_@A_HDHÁÂ@ C@ CKH G N@_H >.2 >.3 ]_@A_HDHÁÂ@ G HSK\HÁÂ@ C@ ]_Ë-HXWGBGC@_ >.3 >.7 KECKBHÁÂ@ CG ]@RRÄ\GI AGI@ EH GRS_HCH6 >.7 >..< >....1 D@C@R G GRSHC@R CG B@ES_@IG >.1 >.> CKHAEÒRSKB@ >.> >.; \KRWHIKVHÁÂ@ >.; >.8= DGERRHAGER CG G__@ EH SGIH >.8= >.88 \G_KLKBHEC@ @R RGER@_GR >.88 >.8? _GR@IWÁÂ@ CG H\H_ÄHR >.8? >.82 WEKCHCG CG BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@ ]HRRHAGK_@R >.82 >.83 WEKCHCG CG BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@ B@ECWS@_ >.83 >.87 ]_Ë-HXWGBGC@_ >.87 >.8.8< >.8.8 ?> ?> ?> ?; ?; 28 28 28 28 28 28 22 27 27 2 ;.8.; ;.8.8= ;.8.88
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ C@R ]KI@S@R KESG_DKSGESGR IHSG_HKR RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ C@ LH_@I CG EGOIKEH CKHESGK_@ RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CG IÏD]HCHR LI@_GBGESGR E@R ]@_SH ]HB@SGR RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@ B@ECWS@_ G C@ AWKH RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@ BGES_@ CG SGS@ RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@R CGA_HWR CG HBGRR@ RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IWVGR C@ B@__GC@_ O@S×GR R@IKBKSHÁÂ@ CG RG_\KÁ@R
7= 7= 7= 78 78 78 78 7?
8= 8= GRB@SKINHR
7? 7?
88 88 ÈWCK@ G \ÄCG@
7? 7?
88.8 ÈWCK@ G \ÄCG@ 88.8
7? 7?
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ? ?>.=7.?=8 >.=7.?=8? ?_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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7> 7> 7; 7; 7; 7;
82 82 QB
.=7.?=8 >.=7.?=8? ?_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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>
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
GES_GAH C@ \GÄBWI@ \`bæ gstè hcqukrkec` ud vgäbui` gebhrr`áhc` pgih Krkzhr Orhski ISCH. Gstg Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` tgd b`d` lueáâ`, `rkgetè-i` gd suhs prkdgkrhs n`rhs cg utkikzháâ`. Shdoëd gstâ` prgsgetgs egstg dheuhi, pgquge`s b`esgin`s g ud aukh cg dheutgeáâ` qug pgrdktkrè pr`i`eahr h vkch c` sgu vgäbui`, hpr`vgkthec` h` dèxkd` t`c`s `s sgus rgburs`s. Curhetg h utkikzháâ` c` vgäbui`, ë p`ssävgi qug pgqugehs cövkchs surfhd s`org hspgbt`s cg luebk`ehdget`, phrh hfucè-i` b`ethd`s b`d udh rgcg cg hsskstæebkh cksp`eävgi e` l`ingt` ch rgcg cg sgrvká`s qug hb`dphenh t`c`s `s vgäbui`s, ogd b`d` p`et`s cg sgrvká` hut`rkzhc` cg Hr b`eckbk`ehc` g dheutgeáâ` ch bhrr`bgrkh. @ vgäbui` ë getrgaug b`d `s sgauketgs c`budget`s g hbgssòrk`s6
O`igtkd cg Ahrhetkh
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk`
Dheuhi cg Ckharhdhs Giëtrkb`s g ]egudètkb`s L`ingt` cg Hsskstæebkhs tëbekbhs
Bnhvgs c` \gäbui`
Dheuhi cg rèck` / bc c` lhorkbhetg
S`ch h c`budgetháâ` tëbekbh, bhtèi`a`s cg pgáhs g kel`rdhá÷gs hckbk`ehks gstâ` cksp`eävgks e` www.krkzhrsht.b`d.or. sht.b`d.or. Xuhiqugr pr`oigdh qug p`ssh surakr eh bhrr`bgrkh `u b`dp`egetgs, eâ` ngsktg gd b`esuithr ` e`ss` Rgrvká` cg Hsskstæebkh Sëbekbh (R.H.S.) www.krkzhr-sht.b`d.or Ohkxg ud X_ b`cg gd sgu bgiuihr `u thoigt g lháh ` c`wei`hc c` Dheuhi cg Wsuèrk` eh kdhagd hohkx`. (X_ b`cg ë ud bòcka` ud bòcka` cg ohrrhs ohrrhs okckdgesk`ehi okckdgesk`ehi qug p`cg sgr gsbheghc` ushec` h dhk`rkh c`s tgigl`egs c`s tgigl`egs bgiuihrgs gqukphc`s b`d bïdgrh.)
;-
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` 833 833 - ?>.=7.?=8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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8=
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
8 HBGRR@R, ]@_SHR G SHD]HR 8.8 8.8
HBGRR@R
8.8.8 HBGRR@ H@R OHAHAGK_@R 8.8.8 ]hrh vgäbui`s b`d ohahagkr`s pegudètkb`s, ` hbk`ehdget` c` skstgdh cg hogrturh chs thdphs p`cg sgr rghikzhc` pgihs tgbihs b`d ` sädo`i`
.
Htgeáâ`6 curhetg h hogrturh c`s ohahagkr`s ` usuèrk` cgvg-sg bgrtklkbhr cg qug eâ` nè `ostèbui`s h udh ckstïebkh kelgrk`r h 8 dgtr` gd rgiháâ` í ihtgrhi c` vgäbui`. 8.8.? HBGRR@ Í SHD]H R@O_G _@CHR 8.8.? Hs thdphs s`org r`chs sâ` trhebhchs htrhvës cg trkeb`s qug tgd suh hogrturh dheuhi b`d` d`strhc` h sgaukr.
8.? 8.?
]@_SHR
8.?.8 LWEBK@EHDGES@ E@_DHI CG ]@_SHR G SHD]HR CG OHAHAGK_@R 8.?.8 E` phkegi cg kestrudget`s c` d`t`rksth geb`etrhd-sg tgbihs b`d h skdo`i`akh
cgstkehchs h` hbk`ehdget`
giëtrkb` ch p`rth ckhetgkrh g `utr` sgphrhc` phrh h p`rth trhsgkrh `u bgetrhi, b`el`rdg h b`elkaurháâ` ch bhrr`bgrkh. Htgeáâ`6 ]`r dgckch cg sgaurheáh, hs p`rths g hs thdphs cg ohahagkr` sò p`cgd sgr hogrths b`d ` lrgk` cg dâ` hbk`ehc`. 88 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
@ luebk`ehdget` chs tgbihs sgaug ` sgauketg phcrâ`6 Rg
h p`rth gstè lgbnhch, hbk`ehec` h tgbih, gsth sg horg:
Rg
h p`rth gstè hogrth, hbk`ehec` h tgbih, gsth sg lgbnh:
Hbk`ehec` h tgbih b`d h p`rth gd d`vkdget`, ` sgetkc` sg
kevgrtg.
Gequhet` h p`rth gstkvgr hogrth hphrgbg ud keckbhc`r iudke`s` qug keckbh gsth sktuháâ`. Rg gxkstkr udh lhinh ehs o`rrhbnhs cg sgeskokikzháâ`, h` hbk`ehr ` o`tâ` g hetgs cg kekbkhr ` d`vkdget` ch p`rth, ` sädo`i` e¶ 2= (thdph ihtgrhi hogrth) krè lhzgr vèrk`s lihsngs (? e` bhs` cg lhinh ch gxtrgdkchcg sgesävgi cg lgbn`, 2 phrh ` cg hogrturh g 7 phrh h lhinh cg hdo`s)
]hrh gvkthr lhishs dhe`orhs ch p`rth, ` o`tâ` cgvg sgr hbk`ehc` curhetg pgi` dge`s =,7 sga.! 8.?.? RGERKOKIKCHCG 8.?.? @ dgbheksd` cg hogrturh g lgbnhdget` chs p`rths ckhetgkrh, bgetrhi `u trhsgkrh, p`ssuk ud skstgdh cg sgeskokikchcg phrh kdpgckr qug h p`rth sg lgbng s`org trhesguetgs e`s cgarhus cg hbgss` h` óekous. ó ekous. H` geb`etrhr ` `ostèbui` h p`rth rgvgrtg sgu d`vkdget` g v`ith í p`skáâ` `rkakehi. 8.?.2 GDG_AÆEBKH 8.?.2 H p`rth, bgetrhi, trhsgkrh g ckhetgkrh, p`ssugd ud skstgdh keckvkcuhi cg trhvhdget` qug hs dhetæd lgbnhchs dgsd` gd bhs` cg cglkbkæebkh cg prgssâ` e` skstgdh pegudètkb` c` vgäbui`. ]hrh p` p`sskokikthr sskokikthr h hogrturh gd bhs` cg gdgraæebkh, ` dgbheksd` cksp÷g cg udh tgbih vgrdginh i`bhikzhch pròxkdh h p`rth qug cgvg hbk`ehch phrh ikvrhr h p`rth c` dgbheksd` cg trhvhdget` b`d` d`strhc` eh lkaurh h sgaukr. Hpòs hbk`ehch h tgbih, h p`rth p`r sgr gdpurrhch phrh p`sskokikthr suh hogrturh.
B`dhec` ketgrk`r6
]rgecg-sg b`d udh dâ` h hihvhebh cg gdgraæebkh.
]rgssk`eh-sg h ikeaùgth kesthihch eh phrtg kelgrk`r gsqugrch.
Hb`dphenh h hihvhebh htë h suh p`skáâ` `rkakehi cg rgp`us` (vgrtkbhi).
Cgkxh cg prgssk`ehr h ikeaùgth
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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8?
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
B`dhec` cg gdgraæebkh ketgrk`r
B`dhec` gxtgrk`r6 Cgvg prgssk`ehr ` o`tâ` qug lkbh fuethdgetg b`d h bgetrhi giëtrkbh. ]hrh gvkthr h getrhch e` vgäbui` quhec` gstg gstkvgr gsthbk`ehc`, `s b`dhec`s cg gdgraæebkh gxtgrk`rgs cksp÷gd cg ud skstgdh cg oi`qugk` giëtrkb` qug sg htkvh g cgshtkvh b`d ` b`dhec` í ckstïebkh. E` bhs` cg lhinh c` gdkss`r c` b`dhec` í ckstïebkh, ` b`dhec` gxtgrk`r cg gdgraæebkh ch p`rth ckhetgkrh cksp÷g cg udh lgbnhcurh phrh p`cgr cgsoi`qughr ` b`dhec`. Cgsth l`rdh b`d udh r`tháâ` cg p`ub`s arhus pr`bgcg-sg í hogrturh giëtrkbh ch p`rth. E` bhs` cg lhinh ch ohtgrkh c` vgäbui`, b`d h r`tháâ` b`dpigth c` b`dhec` cg gdgraæebkh b`esgaug-sg hbgcgr h` ketgrk`r c` vgäbui`. 8.?.3 DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CH ]@_SH 8.?.3 Srhohin`s h rghikzhr \grklkbháâ` c` luebk`ehdget` b`rrgt` c` dgbheksd` cg hogrturh, sgeskokikchcg c` skstgdh cg hogrturh cg gdgraæebkh. \grklkbhr hpgrt`s cg phrhlus`s g l`iahs. \grklkbhr rgauihagd Ikdphr Lkitr` cg Hr Gearhxhr h ohrrh c` htuhc`r
]grk`ckbkchcg Bhch 2 dgsgs Bhch 2 dgsgs Bhch 2 dgsgs Bhch ? he`s Bhch ? he`s he`s
Ohrrh c` Htuhc`r
8.2 8.2
SHD]HR
8.2.8 LWEBK@EHDGES@ E@_DHI CHR SHD]HR CG OHAHAGK_@R ]EGWDÈSKBHR 8.2.8 E` phkegi cg tgbihs geb`etrh h tgbih b`d h skdo`i`akh
, cgstkehch cgstkehch h` h` hbk`ehdget` hbk`ehdget` giëtrkb` chs thdphs c`s c`s
ohahagkr`s c`s ihc`s gsqugrc` g ckrgkt`. @ phcrâ` cg luebk`ehdget` chs tgbihs ë cgsbrkt` è sgaukr6 82 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Rg
h thdph gstè lgbnhch, hbk`ehec` h tgbih, gsth sg horg:
Rg
h thdph gstè hogrth, hbk`ehec` h tgbih, gsth sg lgbnh:
Hbk`ehec` h tgbih b`d h thdph gd d`vkdget`, ` sgetkc` sg
kevgrtg.
Gequhet` h thdph c` ohahagkr` gstkvgr hogrth nè ud skehi iudke`s` qug keckbhrè gsth sktuháâ`. @ dgbheksd` cg hogrturh c` ohahagkr` cksp÷g cg ud skstgdh cg sgaurheáh phrh gvkthr ` lgbnhdget` kecgsgfhc` curhetg ` cgsbhrrgahdget` g ` bhrrgahdget` cg ohahages `u `pgrhá÷gs cg `utrhs ehturgzhs cgetr` c` ohahagkr`. ]hrh heuihr h lueáâ` ch tgbih e` phkegi cg tgb tgbihs ihs c` d`t`rksth, cgvg-sg hbk`ehr h tgbih cg sgaurheáh prgsgetg pròxkd` h` pkstâ` htuhc`r cgetr` c` ohahagkr` g dhetæ-ih hbk`ehch curhetg t`chs hs `pgrhá÷gs rghikzhchs e`s ohahagkr`s. H` lkd chs `pgrhá÷gs, cgvg-sg cgsikaè-ih phrh qug ` lgbnhdget` p`ssh sgr glgtuhc` c` p`st` c` d`t`rksth, e` phkegi cg tgbihs. tgbihs.
Hetgs cg lgbnhr `u horkr `s ohahagkr`s, ` d`t`rksth cgvg hssgaurhr-sg cg qug eâ` gxksthd pgss`hs `u `ofgt`s pròxkd`s ís thdphs phrh gvkthr hbkcgetgs `u che`s h` vgäbui`! vgäbui`! 8.2.? DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CHR SHD]HR ]EGWDÈSKBHR 8.2.? Srhohin` h rghikzhr \grklkbháâ` c` luebk`ehdget` b`rrgt` cg t`c` ` dgbheksd` g ch sgeskokikchcg h `ostèbui`s \grklkbhr l`iahs _gvksâ` cg luahs cg hr e` skstgdh
]grk`ckbkchcg Bhch 2 dgsgs 8 vgz p`r he` 8 vgz p`r he`
8.2.2 DHEWSGEÁÂ@ CG SHD]HR DHEWHKR 8.2.2 Srhohin` h rghikzhr Ikdpgzh `s trkeb`s chs thdphs s`org r`chs g iuorklkbháâ` c`s dgsd`s.
]grk`ckbkchcg 8 vgz p`r he` he`
Ikdpgzh g iuorklkbháâ` chs c`orhckáhs Iuorklkbháâ` chs lgbnhcurhs g c`s pkst÷gs
H bhch 2 dgsgs H bhch 2 dgsgs
? ]@RS@ CG B@ECWÁÂ@ @ p`st` cg b`ecuáâ`, phrh `s d`t`rksths, tgd hbgss` lèbki g cksp`skáâ` qug lhbkikth ` hbgss` h` phkegi cg tgbihs, eâ` pgrdktkec` h rghikzháâ` cg d`vkdget`s kesgaur`s.
2 HBK@EHEC@ @ \GÄBWI@ @ vgäbui` cgvgr sgr hbk`ehc` cg hb`rc` b`d h b`elkaurháâ` skstædkbh cg bhch bnhssk. Bhs` ` vgäbui` eâ` ikaug6 \grklkqug sg h thdph
c` d`t`r gstè lgbnhch b`rrgthdgetg:
Bhs` ` vgäbui` cksp`enh c`
skstgdh cg hihrdg kd`okikzhc`r (`pbk`ehi), vgrklkqug sg ` dgsd` gstè htkv`.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
.
-
83
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
87 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
3 ]HKEGI CG SGBIHR Bhch vgäbui` p`ssuk suh pròprkh b`elkaurháâ` c` phkegi cg tgbihs. H cksp`skáâ` g ` eödgr` cg lueá÷gs c` phkegi cgpgecgd ckrgthdgetg c`s ktges `pbk`ehks rgqukskthc`s e` d`dget` ch b`dprh g thdoëd c`s ktges c` bnhssk e` quhi h bhrr`bgrkh l`k kesthihch. @s b`dhec`s, kestrudget`s g ketgrrupt`rgs c` phkegi cg tgbihs
gstâ`
cgtgrdkehc`s
cgvkchdgetg sgauec`
kcgetklkbhc`s
b`evgeá÷gs
b`d
sädo`i`s
ketgrehbk`ehks
cg
skdo`i`akh. ]hkegi cg Sgbihs
3.8 3.8
CGRB_KÁÂ@ C@ SGBIHC@
Sgbih 86 Sgbih ?6 Sgbih 26 Sgbih 36 Sgbih 76 Sgbih 6 Sgbih ;6
]hrhch QB Bhlgtgkrh Gsb`ihr Cgshtkvhr `páâ` cg pgckc` cg phrhch Hssget` b`ecut`r hqugbkc` Sgrbgkr` ]èrh-Orkshs _gtr`vks`rgs hqugbkc`s
Sgbih 8=6 Sgbih 886 Sgbih 8?6 Sgbih 826 Sgbih 836 Sgbih 876 Sgbih 86
Rgigt`r cg ouzkeh pegudètkbh `u giëtrkbh Lrka`rälkb` Ikdph Lhròks Kiudkeháâ` bgetr` tgt` Kiudkeháâ` Ketgrk`r ckh/e`ktg Kiudkeháâ` b`ecut`r Kiudkeháâ` Aukh Iuz cg igkturh phsshagkr`s Gigvhc`r gspgin`s b`ecut`r
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
.
-
8
Sgbih 8;6 Sgbih ?=6 Sgbih ?86 Sgbih ??6 Sgbih ?26 Sgbih ?36
]grskheh ihtgrhi b`ecut`r ]grskheh ]èrh-orkshs b`ecut`r BC Gspgin` hqugbkc` b`ecut`r ]`rth ckhetgkrh Dhih gsqugrch pegudètkbh
Sgbih 3=6 Sgbih 386 Sgbih 3?6 Sgbih 326 Sgbih 336 Sgbih 376
Sgbih ?76 Sgbih ?
2=
2?
23
2<
2>
?;
28
22
27
21
2;
Keckbhc`r ?>6
B`etr`ihc`r c` cgpòskt` cg èauh
Keckbhc`r 236
B`etr`ig c` Lrka`
Keckbhc`r ?;6 Keckbhc`r 2=6 Keckbhc`r 286 Keckbhc`r 2?6 Keckbhc`r 226
B`etr`ihc`r c` cgpòskt` cg èauh B`etr`ihc`r ch p`rth hogrth B`etr`ihc`r ch p`rth hogrth B`etr`ihc`r cg phrhch ch thdph B`etr`ihc`r cg phrhch ch thdph
Keckbhc`r 276 Keckbhc`r 26 Keckbhc`r 2;6
B`etr`ig c` gspgin` B`etr`ihc`r ch o`doh cg bhlë B`etr`ihc`r ch o`doh cg bhlë Lhr`i egoikeh-ckhetgkr` Lhr`i egoikeh-trhsgkrh
3.2 3.2
LWEÁ×GR C@ SGBIHC@
Gstg ketgrrupt`r pgrdktg hbk`ehr h utkikzháâ` c`s sgrvká`s c` ohengkr`. Xuhec` hiaud phsshagkr` gstkvgr utkikzhec` h t`regkrh c` ohengkr`, hbgecgrè ` skehi iudke`s` e` phkegi cg b`etr`ig. @ vgetkihc`r gxtrht`r cg `c`rgs luebk`eh ` tgdp` t`c` quhec` ` d`t`r c` vgäbui` gstè ikahc`. Wd keckbhc`r iudke`s` vgrdgin` eh phrtg gxtgreh c` ohengkr` g ` igtrgkr` ckakthi c` rgiòak` c` shiâ` (`pbk`ehi) keckbhd quhec` gstè `buphc`.
81 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
@s gspgin`s rgtr`vks`rgs p`ssugd udh rgskstæebkh ketgreh cg hqugbkdget` phrh cgsgdoháè-i`s, pr`burg dhetæ-ih cgsikahch bhs` eâ` sgfh egbgssèrk` ` sgu us`.
Gstg ketgrrupt`r sgigbk`eh getrg h utkikzháâ` ch ouzkeh pegudètkbh `u ch giëtrkbh. B`i`bh-sg gd cuhs p`ská÷gs, eh p`skáâ` 8 hbk`eh-sg h ouzkeh giëtrkbh g eh p`skáâ` ? hbk`eh-sg h ouzkeh pegudètkbh
@ ketgrrupt`r c` rglrkagrhc`r b`etr`ih suh hikdgetháâ`. Wd tgrd`stht` sktuhc` gd sgu ketgrk`r rgauih hut`dhtkbhdgetg suh tgdpgrhturh.
Gxkstg ud ketgrrupt`r phrh hs iuzgs ketgrk`rgs qug eh p`skáâ` 8 hbgecg 8 hbgecg hs iuzgs cg pgeudorh g eh p`skáâ` ? ? h kiudkeháâ` agrhi.
Wd ketgrrupt`r, sktuhc` e` p`st` c` d`t`rksth pgrdktg eh p`skáâ` 8 8 hbk`ehr hs iuzgs cg igkturh, kecgpgecgetgdgetg c` ketgrrupt`r b`rrgsp`ecgetg h bhch hssget`. Eh p`skáâ` ? ? bhch phsshagkr` p`cg hbgecgr suh iuz.
@ vkcr` giëtrkb` c` b`ecut`r s`org g cgsbg quhec` sg hbk`eh h phrtg supgrk`r `u kelgrk`r c` ketgrrupt`r.
]hrh hogrturh g lgbnhdget` chs p`rths, ohsth hbk`ehr ` ketgrrupt`r pròprk` cg bhch udh cgihs eh phrtg kelgrk`r g phrh lgbnhr e`vhdgetg, h phrtg kelgrk`r. Gstg vgäbui` gstè gqukphc` b`d ud cksp`sktkv` cg sgaurheáh qug heuih h hpgrturh chs p`rths gd bhs` cg qug nhfh thdphs g b`dphrtkdget`s hogrt`s p`r cgtrès chs p`rths. Gstgs cksp`sktkv`s gstâ` b`i`bhc`s e` ketgrk`r chs thdphs s`org r`chs c` ihc` ckrgkt` (ckhetgkr` g trhsgkr`) g ehs thdphs c`s b`dphrtkdget`s qug p`cgd sgr htkeakc`s b`d ` d`vkdget` cg hogrturh ch p`rth. Hs thdphs c`s ohahagkr`s pegudètkb`s sâ` hbk`ehchs p`r ketgrrupt`rgs qug horgd g lgbnhd h thdph. Eâ` kdp`rth qug hs thdphs gstgfhd oi`qughchs p`r bnhvg, sgec` kebiuskvg rgb`dgecèvgi, fè qug gd pgrch cg hr hs thdphs pgrdhegbgrâ` ogd lgbnhchs. Hs iuzgs c` ohahagkr` sg hbgecgrâ` hut`dhtkbhdgetg b`d h hogrturh c` ohahagkr`. Nè ud ketgrrupt`r cg sgaurheáh fuet` h` bkikecr` pegudètkb` chs thdphs qug h` prgssk`ehc` kdpgcg ` lgbnhdget` ch dgsdh, bhs` ` ketgrrupt`r c` ketgrk`r c` vgäbui` sgfh hbk`ehc` hbkcgethidgetg.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
.
-
8>
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
7 _GL_KAG_HC@_
_glrkagrhc`r
7.8 7.8
E@_DHR CG RGAW_HEÁH Cgsb`egbthr
` b`etr`ig gigtróekb` g h kesthiháâ` giëtrkbh c` b`dprgss`r gd bhs` cg b`egbthr hs
ohtgrkhs c` vgäbui` gd ud bhrrgahc`r. Euebh buorh hs hogrturhs cg
vgetkiháâ`.
Cgsb`eagig ` rglrkagrhc`r pgrk`ckbhdgetg. pgrk`ckb hdgetg. Eâ`
utkikzg euebh utgesäik`s cur`s `u hlkhc`s phrh gikdkehr h bhph cg agi` `u cgsprgecgr `ofgt`s
kd`okikzhc`s p`r sgu b`eagihdget`. Eâ` utkikzg
pr`cut`s cg ikdpgzh qug sgfhd horhskv`s `u èbkc`s phrh ikdpgzh c` gvhp`rhc`r.
Gd bhs` cg
7.? 7.?
rgphrháâ`, cgvg sgr lgkth p`r ud tëbekb` gspgbkhikzhc`.
AG_HI
7.?.8 H]IKBHBÂ@ G WSKIKVHÁÂ@ 7.?.8 @ rglrkagrhc`r ë hpr`prkhc` phrh b`esgrvháâ` e` lrk` g b`eagihdget` cg pr`cut`s hikdgetäbk`s, ë pr`fgthc` phrh trhohinhr h udh tgdpgrhturh hdokgetg cg -?= htë 77 ¶ B, hsskd b`d` udh dèxkdh cg ;=%, gd b`ecká÷gs b` ecká÷gs cg luebk`ehdget` b`etkeuhc`. Egenud c`s dhtgrkhks utkikzhc`s eh lhorkbháâ` c` rglrkagrhc`r ë tòxkb` phrh `s hikdget`s. @ bkrbukt` cg rglrkagrháâ` eâ` b`etëd BLB.
8; -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
7.?.? LWEBK@EHDGES@ B@D OHSG_KH 7.?.? @ rglrkagrhc`r luebk`eh b`d b`rrgetg b`etkeuh g tgesâ` cg ?3 \. H agihcgkrh ë pr`tgakch gigtr`ekbhdgetg b`etrh kevgrsâ` cg p`ihrkchcg. ]hrh pr`tgagr thet` h ohtgrkh b`d` ` b`dprgss`r lrka`rälkb`, `s dgsd`s sg cgsb`egbthd hut`dhtkbhdgetg sg h tgesâ` eâ` ë sulkbkgetg. \gr thogih cg b`egxâ` g cgsb`egxâ`. Sgesâ` c` vgäbui`
Sgesâ` cg cgsb`egxâ`
Sgesâ` cg b`egxâ`
8?
8=,3 \
88,1 \
?3
??,> \
?3,? \
E`th6 `s vhi`rgs cgsth thogih l`rhd dgckc`s e`s tgrdkehks ch uekchcg gigtróekbh c` b`dprgss`r. Eâ` dhekpuig euebh `s b`egbt`rgs g ketgrrupt`rgs giëtrkb`s b`d hs dâ`s ödkchs `u b`d `s pës s`org udh supgrläbkg ödkch! 7.?.2 CGRB@EAGIHDGES@ 7.?.2 H udkchcg htd`slërkbh p`cg b`ecgeshr-sg e` gvhp`rhc`r `u e` ketgrk`r c` rglrkagrhc`r g hlgthr ` rgeckdget` c` hphrgin`. Eâ` utkikzg euebh utgesäik`s cur`s `u hlkhc`s phrh gikdkehr h bhph cg agi` `u cgsprgecgr `ofgt`s kd`okikzhc`s p`r sgu b`eagihdget`. B`i`qug ` rgauihc`r sktuhc` e` ketgrk`r c` dgsd` eh p`skáâ` ’@— g cgkxg hogrth h thdph c` rglrkagrhc`r. Gexèaug p`stgrk`rdgetg h èauh cg cgsb`eagihdget`.
7.?.3 B@ERGIN@R ]H_H GB@E@DKVH_ GEG_AKH 7.?.3 hi kdget`s e` rglrkagrhc`r cgkxg qug sg gslrkgd sg gstâ` qugetgs. Hetgs cg ketr`cuzkr `s hikdget`s Cgsb`eagig
` rglrkagrhc`r quhec` l`rdhr udh bhph cg agi`. Gvktg udh tgdpgrhturh ketgrk`r cgsegbgsshrkhdgetg ohkxh. Eâ` horh ` rglrkagrhc`r dhks qug Eâ` cgkxg euebh h
` egbgssèrk`.
thdph hogrth dhks tgdp` qug ` egbgssèrk`.
7.?.7 CGRB@EG^Â@ C@ H]H_GIN@ 7.?.7 Xuhec` cgsgfhr cgsb`egbthr ` rglrkagrhc`r p`r ud pgrä`c` cg tgdp` pr`i`eahc`, cgsikaug ` rgauihc`r c` ketgrk`r, `u sgfh, b`i`qug eh p`skáâ` ’@—, `u cgsb`egbtg ch ohtgrkh. Ikdpg g cgkxg h thdph hogrth phrh gvkthr h l`rdháâ` dhus `c`rgs.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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-
?=
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
RKRSGDH CG BIKDHSKVHÁ BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@ Â@ @ K_KB@EL@_S ë ud e`v` skstgdh cg bikdhtkzháâ` qug pgrdktg b`etr`ihr t`c`s `s gqukphdget`s phrh h bikdhtkzháâ` c`s Óekous K_KVH_ ]O. Sgd h bhphbkchcg cg b`etr`ihr ` hqugbkdget`, ` hr b`eckbk`ehc` g ` skstgdh cg vgetkiháâ` gd t`chs hs z`ehs c` bhrr`, pgrdktkec` ud b`etr`ig cklgrgebkhc` phrh bhch z`eh. @ K_KB@EL@_S htuh e`s cklgrgetgs b`dp`egetgs phrh gsthogigbgr ud gxbgigetg eävgi cg b`el`rt` cgetr` cg bhch z`eh. Kst` kdpikbh ` hos`iut` b`etr`ig s`org h tgdpgrhturh, uekchcg rgihtkvh, vgi`bkchcg c` hr g eävgi cg vgetkiháâ`. H utkikzháâ` c` K_KB@EL@_S ë gxtrgdhdgetg lèbki, ohsthec` hpgehs prgssk`ehr ` o`tâ` ’HWS@—, ` K_KB@EL@_S rgauih cg l`rdh hut`dètkbh ` bikdh c` bhrr`, pgrdktkec` hkech sgigbk`ehr cklgrgetgs eävgks cg b`el`rt` phrh h z`eh c` b`ecut`r g phrh h z`eh c`s phsshagkr`s >.8 >.8
WEKCHCG CG B@ES_@IG
>.8.8 CGRB_KÁÂ@ CG LWEBK@EHDGES@ >.8.8 SGBIHC@ (V@EH B@ECWS@_)6 B`i`bhc` e` phkegi cg kestrudget`s, pgrdktg h` b`ecut`r tgr ` b`etr`ig hos`iut` chs lueá÷gs cg bikdhtkzháâ` cg t`chs hs z`ehs c` bhrr`, pgrdktkec` sgigbk`ehr udh rgauiháâ` b`dpigthdgetg hut`dètkbh `u dheuhi. Egsth z`eh, gstâ` ikahc`s t`c`s `s sges`rgs qug b`etr`ihd ` bikdh g ` gsthc` c`s b`dp`egetgs ch z`eh c` b`ecut`r. b`ecut`r.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
.
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??
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
H sgaukr sgrâ` geudgrhchs hs lueá÷gs cg bhch udh chs tgbihs6 E¶86 Gsth tgbih pgrdktg h b`i`bháâ` gd luebk`ehdget` c` skstgdh cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r phrh hibheáhr g dhetgr h b`elkaurháâ` gsthogigbkch vksuhikzhch eh tgih. ]grdktg cgstg d`c` rgt`dhr ` luebk`ehdget` hut`dètkb` ch bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r e` bhs` cg sg tgrgd d`cklkbhc` dheuhidgetg h vgi`bkchcg c`s d`t`rgs `u h p`skáâ` chs shächs cg hr. Rg gstkvgr e` d`c` hut`dètkb` ‒ ‒ `u sgfh, ` IGC hbgs` - dhetgenh gsth tgbih prgdkch phrh cgsikahr h bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r.
Wekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r cgsikahch
E¶?6 Hbk`ehdget` E¶?6 Hbk`ehdget` h shäch cg hr c`s cgsgdoháhc`rgs ch z`eh c` b`ecut`r. H` prgssk`ehr pgih prkdgkrh vgz hs shächs cg hr vâ` b`dgáhr h rgbkrbuiháâ` g eh tgih hphrgbg ` sädo`i` b`rrgsp`ecgetg. H` prgssk`ehr pgih sgauech vgz vhk duchr cg gsthc`.
Rhäch cg hr b`ecut`r gd rgbkrbuiháâ`
E¶26 Rgrvg E¶26 Rgrvg phrh rgauihr h vgi`bkchcg c` vgetkihc`r cgsgdoháhec` ch z`eh c` b`ecut`r, hudgethec`-h
Rgigáâ` ch vgi`bkchcg ch uekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r.
E¶36 Rgrvg E¶36 Rgrvg phrh rgauihr h vgi`bkchcg c` vgetkihc`r cgsgdoháhec` ch z`eh c` b`ecut`r, ckdkeukec`-h. E¶76 Hudgeth E¶76 Hudgeth h tgdpgrhturh sgigbk`ehch phrh ` b`efuet` c` b`ecut`r. @ ketgrvhi` cg tgdpgrhturhs vhk cg 81 h ?1 ¶B. Cgp`ks cg sgigbk`ehc` ` eävgi dèxkd` cg tgdpgrhturh, ud bikqug hckbk`ehi vhk htrkoukr ud b`efuet` ’NK— ` qug skaeklkbh hqugbkdget` dèxkd`.
Hqugbkdget` l`ráhc` eh z`eh c` b`ecut`r
?2 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
E¶6 hibheáhr g dhetgr h b`elkaurháâ` gsthogigbkch vksuhikzhch eh tgih. ]grdktg cgstg d`c` rgt`dhr ` luebk`ehdget` hut`dètkb` ch bikdhtkzháâ` c`s phsshagkr`s e` bhs` cg sg tgrgd d`cklkbhc` dheuhidgetg h vgi`bkchcg c`s d`t`rgs `u h p`skáâ` chs shächs cg hr. Rg gstkvgr e` d`c` hut`dètkb` ‒ ‒ `u sgfh, ` IGC hbgs` - dhetgenh gsth tgbih prgssk`ehch phrh cgsikahr h bikdhtkzháâ` c`s phsshagkr`s.
Wekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c`s phsshagkr`s cgsikahch
E¶;6 Hbk`ehdget` E¶;6 Hbk`ehdget` chs shächs cg hr c` tgt`. H` prgssk`ehr pgih prkdgkrh vgz hs shächs cg hr vâ` b`dgáhr h rgbkrbuiháâ` g eh Sgih hphrgbg ` sädo`i` b`rrgsp`ecgetg. H` prgssk`ehr pgih sgauech vgz vhk duchr cg gsthc`.
Rhäch cg hr c`s phsshagkr`s gd rgbkrbuiháâ`
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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?3
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
E¶8=6 Rgrvg E¶8=6 Rgrvg phrh rgauihr h vgi`bkchcg c`s vgetkihc`rgs c` gqukphdget` c` tgt`, hudgethec`-h.
Rgigáâ` ch vgi`bkchcg ch Wekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c`s phsshagkr`s.
E¶886 Rgrvg E¶886 Rgrvg phrh rgauihr h vgi`bkchcg c`s vgetkihc`rgs c` gqukphdget` c` tgt`, ckdkeukec`-h. E¶8?6 Hudgeth E¶8?6 Hudgeth h tgdpgrhturh sgigbk`ehch phrh ` b`efuet` c`s phsshagkr`s. @ ketgrvhi` cg tgdpgrhturhs vhk cg 81 h ?1 ¶B. Cgp`ks cg sgigbk`ehc` ` eävgi dèxkd` cg tgdpgrhturh, ud bikqug hckbk`ehi vhk htrkoukr ud b`efuet` ’NK— ` qug skaeklkbh hqugbkdget` dèxkd`.
Hqugbkdget` l`ráhc` eh z`eh c`s phsshagkr`s
E¶826 Ckdkeuk E¶826 Ckdkeuk h tgdpgrhturh sgigbk`ehch phrh ` b`efuet` c`s phsshagkr`s. @ ketgrvhi` cg tgdpgrhturhs vhk cg 81 h ?1 ¶B. Cgp`ks cg sgigbk`ehc` ` eävgi däekd` cg tgdpgrhturh, ud bikqug hckbk`ehi vhk htrkoukr ud b`efuet` ’I@— ` qug skaeklkbh hr b`eckbk`ehc` dèxkd`. dèxkd`.
Hr b`eckbk`ehc` l`ráhc` eh z`eh c`s phsshagkr`s
E¶836 H` prgssk`ehr h tgbih pgih prkdgkrh vgz vhk htkvhr h lueáâ` GB@. Rg dhetkvgr h tgbih prgssk`ehch vhk E¶836 htkvhr h lueáâ` SKDG.
GB@6 Cgshtkvh GB@6 Cgshtkvh h utkikzháâ` c` b`dprgss`r.
SKDG6 ]grdktg SKDG6 ]grdktg pr`arhdhr ` rgiòak`.
E¶876 Sgdpgrhturhs. B`d ud bikqug vksuhikzh hs tgdpgrhturhs ketgrk`rgs ch z`eh c` b`ecut`r g z`eh c`s E¶876 phsshagkr`s g gxtgrk`r. ?7 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Sgdpgrhturhs rghks chs z`ehs cg b`ecut`r g phsshagkr`s
E¶8.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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?.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
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_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
>.? >.?
IKAHC@6 HWS@-BNGBJKEA
Shi b`d` hb`etgbg b`d ` b`egbt`r c` Krkb`el`rt ikah-sg pgih prkdgkrh vgz `u cgp`ks cg ikahr h ohtgrkh (`u sgfh, rgbgog tgesâ` eh getrhch +DBR), hphrgbg eh tgih í dgeshagd C@QEI@HC. Gsth dgeshagd pgrdhegbg eh tgih curhetg 2= sgauec`s hpr`xkdhchdgetg, e` cgb`rrgr c`s quhks sgrè suostktuäch p`r udh tgih `ecg hphrgbg ` bhrr` b`d h n`rh qug tgrè ` vhi`r ==6==.
]`stgrk`rdgetg, quhec` htkvhr ` ketgrrupt`r cg ohtgrkhs (getrhch +2=) lhz-sg udh vgrklkbháâ` cg t`chs hs shächs g getrhchs phrh cgtgbthr p`ssävgks burt`s-bkrbukt`s g hfusthr h p`skáâ` chs shächs cg hr c`s pës, ch Wekchcg cg Bikdhtkzháâ` c` B`ecut`r. Curhetg h vgrklkbháâ` hphrgbg eh tgih h dgeshagd K_KB@EL@_S BNGBJKEA. Bhs` `s lkitr`s cg hr chs uekchcgs cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r g phsshagkr`s gstgfhd shturhc`s gsth sktuháâ` sgrè keckbhch b`d ` hphrgbkdget` ch dgeshagd cg grr` b`rrgsp`ecgetg. b` rrgsp`ecgetg. Bhs` eâ` gxksthd pr`oigdhs b`d `s lkitr`s, h gv`iuáâ` ch vgrklkbháâ` sgrè keckbhch b`d ues p`et`s eh tgih.
Sgih cg vgrklkbháâ`
Wdh vgz b`ebiuäch h vgrklkbháâ`, hphrgbg udh tgih b`d h kel`rdháâ` c`s grr`s cgtgbthc`s, sg eâ` gxkstkrgd grr`s, eâ` hphrgbg egenudh dgeshagd.
>.2 >.2
]_@A_HDHÁÂ@ C@ CKH G N@_H
Gd quhiqugr ud c`s d`c`s cg luebk`ehdget`, h` prgssk`ehr h tgbih e¶ 83 curhetg c`ks sgauec` vhk getrhr eh tgih cg pr`arhdháâ` c` ckh g ch n`rh.
]hrh sgigbk`ehr ` ckh, h n`rh `u `s dkeut`s tgrè cg ` lhzgr b`d hs tgbihs e¶7 g < cg thi l`rdh qug ` bhdp` sgigbk`ehc` krè hphrgbgr e` väcg` kevgrs` (igtrhs ( igtrhs orhebhs g luec` prgt`).
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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?>
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Wdh vgz sgigbk`ehc` ` bhdp` qug cgsgfh hitgrhr, d`cklkqug-` b`d hs tgbihs e¶ 8? g 82. ]hrh vhikchr h e`vh pr`arhdháâ`, prgssk`eg h tgbih e¶ 83 `u cgkxg phsshr hiaues sgauec`s phrh qug sg rghikzg udh vhikcháâ` hut`dètkbh.
>.3
]_@A_HDHÁÂ@ G HSK\HÁÂ@ C@ ]_Ë-HXWGBGC@_
@ prë-hqugbgc`r tgd c`ks d`c`s cg luebk`ehdget`6 ` D`c` E`rdhi g ` D`c` ]r`arhdhc`. ] r`arhdhc`. D`c` E`rdhi cg htkvháâ` c` prë-hqugbgc`r6 Egstg D`c`, ` prë-hqugbgc`r p`cg luebk`ehr hut`dhtkbhdgetg, cgpgecgec` cg sgr pgckch h tgdpgrhturh c` d`t`r `u cg l`rdh dheuhi curhetg ud tgdp` lkx` cgtgrdkehc` pgi` utkikzhc`r. ]hrh getrhr e` D`c` E`rdhi cg htkvháâ` c` prë-hqugbgc`r ohsth prgssk`ehr rhpkchdgetg h tgbih e¶ 81. H` lhzæ-i` ` Krkb`el`rt d`strh h sgauketg tgih6
Sgd træs `pá÷gs qug p`cg sgigbk`ehr b`d hs tgbihs 7 g .=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Ë p`ssävgi lhzgr cuhs pr`arhdhá÷gs cklgrgetgs qug sg ckstkeaugd pgi` eödgr` qug hb`dphenh ` sädo`i` c` prë-hqugbgc`r eh tgih. Wdh vgz b`ebiuäc` ` prkdgkr` c`s pr`arhdhs sgrè p`ssävgi hbgcgr h` sgauec` pr`arhdh prgssk`ehec` h tgbih e¶81 curhetg 7 sgauec`s.
]hrh bhch udh chs pr`arhdhá÷gs cgvg ketr`cuzkr ud ckh g udh n`rh, qug sg rglgrg í n`rh h qug cgsgfh qug ` ketgrk`r c` bhrr` lkqug qugetg. @u sgfh, phrh geb`etrhr ` vgäbui` qugetg ís > ch dhenâ, cgvg pr`arhdhr phrh gssh n`rh. Wd hia`rktd` ketgre` sgrè ` rgsp`esèvgi pgi` bèibui` b`d tgdp` sulkbkgetg ch n`rh h qug ` prë-hqugbgc`r cgvg ikahr-sg.
B`d hs tgbihs e¶ 7 g < vhk cgsi`bhr-sg pgi`s bhdp`s cg CKH, N@_H, DKEWS@R g HBSK\HÁÂ@ g b`d hs tgbihs e¶ 8? g 82 p`cg duchr `s sgus vhi`rgs. Xuhec` gstkvgr eud bhdp`, gstg lkbh e` väcg` kevgrs` g e` bhs` c` bhdp` CKH h `páâ` qug sgigbk`ehr lkbh h pksbhr. Wdh vgz sgigbk`ehc` ` CKH, h N@_H g `s DKEWS@R, sgrè egbgssèrk` b`i`bhr ` bhdp` cg htkvháâ` gd HWS@. Rg cgsgfhr cgshtkvhr cgvgrè sgigbk`ehr @LL. @s CKHR p`cgd sgr cg RGAWECH h C@DKEA@ g thdoëd p`cg gsb`ingr 1 CKHR, `u sgfh t`c`s `s ckhs ch sgdheh. Hs pr`arhdhá÷gs cg ud sò ckh cgvgd sgr hphahchs quhec` fè tkvgrgd skc` gxgbuthchs sgec` b`i`bhchs hut`dhtkbhdgetg gd @LL. H pr`arhdháâ` cg 1 CKHR lkbh htkvhch phrh ` ckh sgauketg. H pr`arhdháâ` c` prë-hqugbgc`r luebk`eh gd quhiqugr d`c` (Riggpy, Qhjgup, Htkv`) g e`s gsthc`s cg @LL g Bikdhtkzháâ`. H phrtkr ch tgih Riggpy p`cg vgrklkbhr sg ` prë-hqugbgc`r gstè pr`arhdhc`, p`rqug sg gstkvgr hphrgbg ud äb`eg b`d udh bnhdh `bh b`d ud 8, sg gstkvgr pr`arhdhch h pr`arhdháâ` 8, `u ud äb`eg cg udh bnhdh `bh b`d ud ?, sg gstkvgr pr`arhdhch h pr`arhdháâ` ?. Rg phrh hiëd cg gsthr pr`arhdhc` gstkvgr h luebk`ehr, h rglgrkch bnhdh gsthrè bngkh.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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2=
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
>.7 >.7
KECKBHÁÂ@ CG ]@RRÄ\GI AGI@ EH GRS_HCH6
E` bhs` ch tgdpgrhturh gxtgrk`r ohkxhr dhks cg 2¶B d`strhrè eh tgih ud sädo`i` cg ’p`ssävgi agi` ch gstrhch—.
>..<
IKAHÁÂ@ C@ H]H_GIN@
H uekchcg cg b`etr`ig c` Krkb`el`rt b`eth b`d 2 dòcui`s b`egbthc`s getrg sä. Gstgs sâ` `s dòcui`s6 D`c` Ckspihy6 Ckspihy6 Ë ` dgk` h trhvës c` quhi ` Krkb`el`rt tr`bh kel`rdhb`pgs b`d ` usuèrk`, ` b`ecut`r, ` kesthihc`r g ` sgrvká` tëbekb`. D`c` B`ecut`r6 Sgd B`ecut`r6 Sgd cuhs dkss÷gs, p`r ud ihc` sgrvg phrh ketr`cuzkr h` skstgdh hs `rcges egbgsshrkhs phrh sgu luebk`ehdget` dheuhi, p`r `utr` ihc` b`etr`ih `s gigdget`s cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` B`ecut`r. D`c` ]hsshagkr`6 B`etr`ih ]hsshagkr`6 B`etr`ih `s gigdget`s cg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c`s phsshagkr`s. Bhch ud cgstgs cgstgs d`c`s sg b`egbth b`d` sg keckbh hohkx`. >...=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
]ke 8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ; 8= 88 8? BE?. B`egbt`r Sgih
E`dg AEC BHE8I BHE8N -------------+DBR +DBR ----+2= +2= +2=
]ke 8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ;
Rgrvká` SG__H B@DWEKBHÁÂ@ NKR]HB@IC B@DWEKBHÁÂ@ NKR]HB@IC EÂ@ WRHC@ EÂ@ WRHC@ EÂ@ WRHC@ HIKDGESHÁÂ@ ?3 \CB HIKDGESHÁÂ@ ?3 \CB EÂ@ WRHC@ HIKDGESHÁÂ@ ?3 \CB HIKDGESHÁÂ@ ?3 \CB HIKDGESHÁÂ@ ?3 \CB
E`dg ]r`a8 ]r`a? +3>7 -3>7 BHE=I BHE=N \IBC AEC -----------
K E`dkehi 7H
K Dèxkdh 7H
-----------7H 7H ------7H 7H 7H
------------7H 7H ------7H 7H 7H
Rgrvká` _gpr`arhdháâ` _gpr`arhdháâ` Sgih NKR]HB@IC Sgih Sgih NKR]HB@IC B`duekbháâ` RBW B`duekbháâ` RBW Hikdgetháâ` tgih Sgrrh Sgih EÂ@ WRHC@
BE2. B`egbt`r Getrhchs-Rhächs ]ke 8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ; 8= 88 8? 82 83 87 8< 81 8> 8; ?=
E`dg S_8+ S_?S_?+ \8\8+ S_8RHI2 \?\?+ RHI8 RHI? RHI3 RHI7 KE8 KE? RHI< KE2 KE3 \GI8 \GI?
Rgrvká` ]gs/Fhegih + Arhcg rge`v.Arhcg rge`v.+ \èivuih Cgsgdoháhdget` \èivuih Cgsgdoháhdget` + ]gs/Fhegih O`doh \èivuih Bhiglháâ` \èivuih Bhiglháâ` + Bhiglháâ` hc. B`ec. Ikvrg ]rg-hqugbgc`r Bhiglháâ` hc. \gi 8 ]`rth Hogrth Lgbnh p`rth Bhiglháâ` hc. \gi ? _gt`re` ]rg-hqugbgc`r. D`t`r hrrhebhc` \getkihc`rgs Cgsgdo.. IK\_G
K E`dkehi ?H ?H ?H ?H ?H ?H 7.7H ?H ?H 7.7H 7.7H 7.7H 7.7H Hbtkvhs I Hbtkvhs I 7.7H Hbtkvhs N Hbtkvhs N 8==dH 8==dH
K Dhxkdh 7H 7H 7H 7H 7H 7H ?3H 7H 7H ?3H ?3H ?3H ?3H ------?3H ------8H 8H
?8
\GI2
IK\_G
8==dH
8H
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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2?
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
E`th6 H vèivuih cg bhiglháâ` c` cgsgdoháhc`r ë e`rdhidgetg hogrth, kst` ë, gstè hogrth b`d = \CB. H vèivuih c` bhiglht`r hckbk`ehi c` b`ecut`r ë e`rdhidgetg hogrth. BE3. B`egbt`r `echs ]ke 8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ; 8= 88 8? 82 83 87 8< 81 8>
E`dg _HCPRW]]I[ _HCP RKEHI NWDPRW]]I[ NWDP RKEHI NWDPAEC LKIS_@PRW]]I[ LKIS_@PRKEHI LKIS_@PAEC HK_GPRW]]I[ HK_GP RKEHI HK_GPAEC _GS@_. S_HD] BNE KBG BNEPKBGPAEC RGE8 KES KESPRGEPAEC
Rgrvká` _hckháâ` hikdgetháâ` _hckháâ` s`ihr skehi IK\_G IK\_G IK\_G Lkitr` hikdgetháâ`(7\) Lkitr` Rkehi Lkitr` AEC IK\_G IK\_G IK\_G ]`skáâ ]gs/fhegih Sgdp. B`ecut` Rkehi Agi` Rkehi Dhssh tgdp. Bhehi g Agi` Sgdp Gxtgrk`r Rkehi Sgdp. Ketgrk`r Rkehi AEC tgdp. Ket g Gxt.
>..
_gl. b`egbt`r gigtr`ekbh ;.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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23
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
>.1 >.1
D@C@R G GRSHC@R CG B@ES_@IG
H cgsbrkáâ` cg luebk`ehdget` luebk`ehdget` c` K_KB@EL@_S p`cg lhzgr b`d ohsg gd6 • D`c`s cg B`etr`ig (CGHC, RIGG]KEA, QHJGW], HBSK\@) qug cgpgecgd ch tgesâ` ehs getrhchs +OHS, +2= y Hitgrehc`r (+87C) • Gsthc`s cg B`etr`ig6 @LL, CKHAE@RSKB@, CKHAE@R SKB@, BIKDHSKVHÁÏ@ • Há÷gs cg B`etr`ig phrh ` Gsthc` BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@6 H__HEXWG, HXWGBG_, EÂ@ HXWGB G_, CGLGKS@, NKANS, I@Q @s D`c`s cg B`etr`ig c` Krkb`el`rt cgpgecgd ch tgesâ` qug nè ehs sgauketgs getrhchs. +DBR6 B`dhec` Bgetrhi cg sgaurheáh. ]ke`s e¶ 1 g > cg BE8 c` D`c` B`ecut`r. +2=6 Cgsb`egbthc`r cg ohtgrähs. ]ke`s e¶ 8=, 88 g 8? cg BE8 c` D`c` B`ecut`r. +87C6 Bhrah c` hitgrehc`r. ]ke` e¶ 8> c` BE2 c` D`c` B`ecut`r. H b`etkeuháâ` sg d`strh udh thogih b`d `s quhtr` d`c`s cg luebk`ehdget` gd lueáâ` ch tgesâ` ehs getrhchs hetgs dgebk`ehchs, hsskd b`d` hs bhrhbtgrästkbhs pròprkhs cg bhch d`c`. D`c` Cghc Riggpkea
+DBR 98.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
@s Gsthc`s cg B`etr`ig p`ssävgks sâ` `s sgauketgs6 • @LL (]hrh d`c`s Qhjgup g Htkv`)6 @ B`etr`ig dhetgd suhs shächs cgsikahchs (Cgsb`egxâ` iòakbh, ` quhi eâ` skaeklkbh =\).Rò rghikzh h hbtkvháâ` c` prghqugbgc`r g suh o`doh g hogrturh chs vèivuihs sgd h pr`arhdháâ` c` prghqugbgc`r hsskd ` keckbh g ` ekvgi cg ohtgräh ë dhk`r cg ??\. ]hrh ` d`c` Riggpkea ` gsthc` cg b`etr`ig @LL cgkxh t`chs hs shächs sgd tgesâ`. • CKHAE@RSKB@6 H` getrhr egstg gsthc` ` b`etr`ig cgsikah suhs shächs g ë ` usuèrk` dgckhetg tgbihc` qugd hs p`cg htkvhr/cgshtkvhr, kecgpgecgetgdgetg ch tgesâ` ch ohtgräh • BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@6 Ë ` d`c` cg trhohin` c` b`etr`ig, qug p`c` sgr hut`dètkb` `u dheuhi. dheuhi. Nè udh sërkg cg gigdget`s g sktuhá÷gs qug p`cgd sgr b`dhechc`s pgi` b`etr`ig cg udh l`rdh hut`dètkbh `u pgi` usuèrk` cg udh l`rdh dheuhi.
Gstgs gigdget`s sâ`6 • ]hrh ` d`c` B`ecut`r6 Arhcg _gbkrbuiháâ`, arhcg ]ës/fhegih g \gi`bkchcg cg hr. • ]hrh ` d`c` d`c` ]hsshagkr`6 Arhcg _gbkrbuiháâ`, \gi`bkchcg cg hr. • Agrhi6 Cgsnudkcklkbháâ`, ]rghqugbgc`r, Gb`. Xuhiqugr ud c`s gigdget`s `u sktuhá÷gs sg rghikzhd cg l`rdh dheuhi, ` b`etr`ig hprgsgethrè gd suh tgih DHEWHI, b`d h háâ` ` äb`eg ch htuháâ` dheuhi b`rrgsp`ecgetg.
E` bhs` c`s gigdget`s c`s d`c`s, sgd hiaud sg hbk`eh cg l`rdh dheuhi, sg cgsikahrè ` igc cg hut` cgi d`c` b`rrgsp`ecgetg. Rgd hpgrthr h tgbih hut` b`rrgsp`eckgetg h ud c`s d`c`s, gssg d`c` b`i`bhrè gd hut`dètkb` sgus gigdget`s sg b`i`bhrâ` thdoëd gd hut`dètkb` hs há÷gs agrhks.
>.> >.>
CKHAEÒRSKB@
@ d`c` ckhaeòstkb` ë udh p`tgetg lgrrhdgeth qug pgrdktg bngbhr `s cklgrgetgs gigdget`s utkikzhc`s phrh h bikdhtkzháâ`, hfuchec` h vgrklkbhr sgu b`rrgt` luebk`ehdget`, hsskd b`d` h kesthiháâ` giëtrkbh.
Hs quhtr` lueá÷gs prkebkphks c` d`c` ckhaeòstkb` sâ`6
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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2.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
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_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
E - Rkaeklkbh qug eâ` sg cgtgbth egenud cksp`sktkv` b`egbthc` h gsth shäch. Rg gstg sädo`i` gstkvgr prgsgetg prgsgetg quhec` sg cgshtkvh h shäch ( `u sgfh, hphrgbg E e` iuahr cg ) sgrè p`rqug gstg cksp`sktkv` gsthrè b`egbthc`. 0 - Eâ` p`cg shogr sg nè bhrah `u eâ` b`egbthch eh shkch shkch p`rqug eâ` nè +2=. L - Rkaeklkbh p`rtken`ihs c` b`ecut`r ckrkakec` ` hr h`s ]ës. Q - Rkaeklkbh p`rtken`ihs b`ecut`r ckrkakec` ` hr h` vkcr`. O - Rkaeklkbh p`rtken`ihs b`ecut`r b`ecut`r ckrkakec` ` hr h`s ]ës g vkcr`s. B - Keckbháh÷ cg tgdpgrhturh gd arhus bgetäarhc`s. L - Keckbháâ` cg tgdpgrhturh gd arhus Lhrgenhkt.
^^^^^ Râ` 7 cäakt`s qug keckbâ` keckbâ` ` sgauketg6
Rg l`k sgigbk`ehc` `s vgetkihc`rgs6 vgetkihc`rgs6 ud vhi`r gd lueáâ` ch vg vgi`bkchcg i`bkchcg sgigbk`ehch.
Rg l`k sgigbk`ehc` ]ës/pèrh-orkshs6 @ rgt`re` ch p`skáâ` chs p`rtken`ihs gd dk dkikv`its. ikv`its.
Gd bhs` cg tgr sgigbk`ehc` quhiqugr `utrh shäch6 H vgrsâ` c` R`ltwhrg g Nhrcwhrg.
]hrh sgigbk`ehr udh shäch cklgrgetg, prgssk`eg hs tgbihs e¶ 7 g .=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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2>
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
L] C@ I] N] CB OS
_gbkrbuihtk`e ]udp C``r @pge Rkaehi I`w prgssurg swktbn Rkaehi Nkan prgssurg swktbn Rkaehi C``rs Bi`sgc Rkaehi Ohttgry v`ithag (+DBR)
`, `, , 0 0 `, `, `, , 0 0 `,
2= L8 ]
Ohttgry v`ithag (+ 2= ) ]hssgeagrs hkr lkitgr ]hssgeagr E`cg R`lt/Nhrcwhrg \grsk`es
`, `, ^^^^^
]hrh phsshr ch tgih ckhaeòstkb` getrhchs/shächs c` d`c` ]hsshagkr`s í getrhchs/shächs c` d`c` B`ecut`r, prgssk`ehr h tgbih e¶ ?. ]hrh shkr c` D`c` Ckhaeòstkb` prgssk`ehr h tgbih e¶ 8 `u e¶ >. Rg v`bæ quksgr getrhr gd d`c` ckhaeòstkb` phrh vgrklkbhr ` luebk`ehdget` chs tgbihs qug sg prgssk`ehrhd, udh vgz qug gsthd`s cgetr` c` d`c` ckhaeòstkb` cg getrhchs/shächs, prgssk`eg skduitheghdgetg hs tgbihs e¶ 8< g 81. Hphrgbgrè h sgauketg tgih6
Sgbih == Bhch vgz qug sg prgssk`eg udh chs tgbihs c` Sgbihc` `u d`c` b`ecut`r, h tgih keckbhrè, sg h tgbih luebk`eh b`rrgthdgetg, ` eödgr` ch dgsdh. ]hrh shkr ch vgrklkbháâ` c` luebk`ehdget` chs tgbihs, prgssk`eg curhetg ? sgauec`s hs tgbihs e¶ 8 `u e¶ >. Cgetr` c` d`c` ckhaeòstkb` cg getrhchs/shächs prgssk`ehec` h tgbih cg tgdpgrhturh e¶87, phsshrgd`s h vgr h tgih cg vgrklkbháâ` cg sges`rgs. sges`rgs.
KES BN KB G^S _C LQ E`dg KES BN KB G^S _C LQ QS _N BHI +^^^
2; -
B`ecut`r ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^
]hsshagkr`s KES ^^^ BN ^^^ KB ^^^ QS ^^^ _N ^^^ BHI ^^
Cgd`ekeháâ` Rges`r cg tgdpgrhturh ketgrk`r Rges`r cg tgdpgrhturh cg bhehikzháâ` Rges`r cg tgdpgrhturh cg Rgi` Rges`r cg tgdpgrhturh gxtgrk`r Rges`r cg rhckháâ` s`ihr _gt`re` p`skáâ` p`rtken`ihs pës/vkcr`s Sgdpgrhturh ch èauh c` d`t`r Nudkchcg rgihtkvh ]hrïdgtr`s ketgre`s Igkturh c` sges`r
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
E` bhs` cg e` iuahr c` vhi`r eudërkb` ch igkturh c` sges`r hphrgáh RN `u EB, kst` qugr ckzgr qug ` sges`r gd qugstâ` gstè gd burt`-bkrbukt` `u gd bkrbukt` hogrt`. H shäch c` d`c` ckhaeòstkb` cg sges`rgs sg rghikzh prgssk`ehec` h tgbih e¶ 8 `u e¶ >. H lueáâ` c` hut`bngjkea sg rghikzh nhoktuhidgetg cg l`rdh hut`dètkbh h` ikahr h uekchcg (d`strhec` +2= ), dhs gd cgtgrdkehchs bkrbuestïebkhs sg p`cg l`ráhr ` hut`bngbjkea prgssk`ehec` skduitheghdgetg hs tgbihs e¶ 7 g e¶ < cgscg h tgih cg ckhaeòstkb`.
Kst` p`cg sgr ötki sg cgp`ks cg i`bhikzhc` ud pr`oigdh g nhvgec` rghikzhc` h rgphrháâ` egbgssèrkh, sg v`bæ vgrklkbhr qug ` pr`oigdh fè cgshphrgbgu. >.; >.;
\KRWHIKVHÁÂ@
H tgih cg vksuhikzháâ` pgrdktg vgr ` gsthc` (Htkv`/Kehtkv`) cg bhch udh chs shächs g ` vhi`r chs getrhchs, thet` c` d`c` b`ecut`r b`d` c` d`c` phsshagkr`s, quhec` ` skstgdh gstè luebk`ehec` e` d`c` bikdhtkzháâ`.
Eh tgih cg vksuhikzháâ` thdoëd sg d`strhd `s bòcka`s cg grr` c` hqugbgc`r.
E` bhs` c` Krkb`el`rt cgtgbthr ud pr`oigdh e` hqugbgc`r, gstg hprgsgethrè eh tgih cg vksuhikzháâ`/ckhaeòstkb` c` b`ecut`r h dgesshagd L^^ gd sgaukch ` tgxt` _] e` iuahr cg d`strhr ` sädo`i` c` hqugbgc`r htkvhc`. @s eödgr`s ^^ keckbhd ` bòcka` cg grr` cgtgbthc` qug cgvg sgr b`esuithc` e` dheuhi c` lhorkbhetg c` hqugbgc`r. @ grr` hphrgbgrè thdoëd cgp`ks c` ckhaeòstkb` kekbkhi.
LO NO ]D L\ N\ R8
shächs R? ]_ _B LQ O GS B
Getrhchs C@ OS AG 2= _] L^^ E] CB L8 = CR?=8N2=
Èigd ckss`, eh tgih cg \ksuhikzháâ` p`cgd`s b`engbgr `s skaukgetgs vhi`rgs6
• Getrhchs/shächs D`c` B`ecut`r. B`ecut`r. • Getrhchs/shächs D`c` ]hsshagkr`s. ]hsshagkr`s. • Rges`rgs. Rges`rgs. • B`ethc`rgs cg n`rhs `u bkbi`s bkb i`s cg luebk`ehdget` c`s ckstket`s skstgdhs. skstgdhs. • \hrkèvgks ketgrehs. ketgrehs. • \grsâ` cg nhrcwhrg g s`ltwhrg. s` ltwhrg. _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
]hrh getrhr eh tgih cg vksuhikzháâ` cgvg-sg prgssk`ehr skduitheghdgetg hs tgbihs e¶8? g 82. Ehs tgihs cg getrhchs/shächs sâ` hs dgsdhs qug sg cgsbrgvgd e` bhpätui` s`org ckhaeòstkb` g sg tr`bh cg D`c` B`ecut`r phrh D`c` ]hsshagkr`s g vkbg-vgrsh vkbg -vgrsh prgssk`ehec` hs tgbihs e¶ ? g e¶ ;. @ b`dprgss`r p`cg sgr s`ikbkthc` pgi` D`c` B`ecut`r `u ` D`c` ]hsshagkr`s g gsthrè b`egbthc` öekbhdgetg e` bhs` cg sg cgtgbthrgd pr`oigdhs cg hith `u ohkxh prgssâ` `u cg sgi`. Eh tgih cg vksuhikzháâ` sg keckbhrè quhi b`dprgss`r gstè b`egbthc` sg rghidgetg gstè, `u sgfh, sg s`ikbkthc` p`r eòs g egd egenud c`s grr`s hbkdh, qug kdpgcgd suh b`egxâ`. ]hrh vgr `s vhi`rgs c`s sges`rgs c` skstgdh prgssk`eg h tgbih e¶ 87. Eh tgih qug sg d`strh ë h cgsbrkth e` bhpätui` s`org ckhaeòstkb`. ]hrh getrhr eh tgih cg b`ethc`rgs cg n`rhs g bkbi`s cg luebk`ehdget` cgvg prgssk`ehr h tgbih e¶ 83 ]D L\ N\ LO
====== ====== ====== ======
Q`rj tkdg B] _\ L\ GO BO
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
@ecg6 Bòcka` ]D L\ N\ LO B] _\ L\ GO BO
Gigdget` O`doh cg èauh \èivuih cg èauh WBB \èivuih cg èauh hqugbgc`r hckbk`ehi b`ecut`r \getkihc`rgs ch WBB B`dprgss`r \èivuih tgt` WB] \èivuih cg pks` WB] \getkihc`rgs gvhp`rhc`rgs WB] \getkihc`rgs b`ecgesshc`rgs WB]
Wekchcgs N`rhs Bkbi`s x 8=== Bkbi`s x 8=== N`rhs N`rhs Bkbi`s x 8=== Bkbi`s x 8=== N`rhs N`rhs
]hrh vksuhikzhr hs vhrkèvgks ketgrehs prgssk`eg h tgbih e¶ 8.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
>.8= DGERRHAGER CG G__@ EH SGIH >.8= Gxkstgd c`ks tkp`s cg dgesshages cg grr`. ]`r ud ihc` hqugigs qug sg d`strhd eh tgih kecglkekchdgetg htë qug sâ` rgphrhc`s fè qug kdp`skokikthd ` luebk`ehdget` c` Krkb`el`rt, g p`r `utr` ihc` hqugigs grr`s ‒ ‒ qug cgvgd sgr rgphrhc`s ` quhet` hetgs ‒ qug ‒ qug eâ` suspgecgd ud kdpgckdget` phrh ` luebk`ehdget` ch uekchcg fè qug gsth gstè pr`arhdhch phrh trhohinhr trhohinhr gd cgtgrdkehc`s d`c` d`c`ss cg gdgraæebkh. @s grr`s pgrdhegetgs sg vksuhikzhd eh tgih cgetr` c` b`et`re` c` óekous, b`d` d`strh hohkx`.
@ tgxt` qug hphrgbg eh tgih b`rrgsp`ecg h` grr` cgtgbthc`6 B@D G___ Rg G___ Rg n`uvgr grr` cg b`duekbháâ` b`duekbhá â` getrg d`c`s. I] Rg I] Rg ` prgss`stht` cg ohkxh c` b`dprgss`r n`uvgr cgtgbthc` pr`oigdhs b`etkeuhc`s cg ohkxh prgssâ`. @s grr`s qug pgrdktgd ` luebk`ehdget` c` Krkb`el`rt, dgsd` qug sgfh gd d`c` cg gdgraæebkh g b`d hiaudhs cg suhs prgsthá÷gs ikdkthchs, sg keckbhd bhch b hch vgz qug ` cgsb`egbthc`r cg ohtgrähs gstkvgr ht htkvhc`. kvhc`.
Wdh vgz tgrdkehc` ` bngbjkea, hphrgbg eh tgih b`d h kel`rdháâ`cg grr`s cgtgbthc`s.
Rg hphrgbgrgd h` dgsd` tgdp` ud dèxkd` cg 3 bòcka`s cg grr`. Rg n`uvgr dhks grr`s, hphrgbgrkhd h` kr rgs`ivgec`-sg `s hprgsgethc`s kekbkhidgetg. @s bòcka`s cg grr` qug p`cgd hphrgbgr sâ`6 E¶ 8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ;
Dgeshagd _HC CKES CKBG CBNE G^S CNO ]D] ]_G C+2=
Grr` Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r rhckháâ` b`ecut`r Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r ketgrk`r b`ecut`r Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r sgi` b`ecut`r Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r bhehikzháâ` b`ecut`r Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r gxtgrk`r b`ecut`r Burt` shäch bhiglht`r hckbk`ehi b`ecut`r Burt` shäch o`doh b`ecut`r (prkebkphi) Burt` shäch prghqugbgc`r b`ecut`r Lhith +2= b`ecut`r _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
8= 88 8? 82 83 87
]+2= CL\ CN\ LQL C_L CLO
Lhith +2= phsshagkr`s Burt` shäch vèivuih cgsgdoháhc`r b`ecut`r Burt` shäch vèivuih hqugbgc`r b`ecut`r Burt` shäch p`rtken`ihs pës/vkcr`s b`ecut`r Burt` shäch p`rtken`ihs rgbkrbuiháâ` b`ecut`r Burt` shäch vgetkihc`rgs gvhp`rhc`rgs b`ecut`r
8< 81 8> 8; ?= ?8 ?? ?2 ?3 ?7 ?< ?1 ?> ?; 2= 28 2? 22 23 27 2<
CLOE _N ]KES ]BNE ]KBG QS_ BD] ]_\ ]L\ ]RO8 ]RO? ]_L ]_O ]IO BECO ]_OE ]IOE. BECE L^^ CRO8 CRO?
Eâ` nh vgetkihc`rgs gvhp`rhc`r b`ecut`r Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r Nudkchcg ]hsshagkr`s Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r Ketgrk`r ]hsshagkr`s Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r Bhehikzháâ` ]hsshagkr`s Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r Rgi` ]hsshagkr`s Burt` `u hogrt` sges`r èauh D`t`r ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch B`dprgss`r ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch \èivuih cg Sgt` ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch \èivuih cg pks` ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch Bhiglht`r \gi`bkchcg Burt` Rhäch Bhiglht`r \gi`bkchcg ? ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch p`rtken`ihs _gbkrbuiháâ` ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch \getkihc`rgs ckrgkt` Gvhp`rhc`r ]hsshagkr`s Burt` Rhäch \getkihc`rgs gsqugrc` Gvhp`rhc`r ]hsshagkr`s Rn`rt bkrbukt B`ecges`r oi`wgrs `utigt. @pge bkrbukt ]hssgeagr _kant-Nhec Gvhp`rht`r Lhes @pge bkrbukt ]hssgeagr Iglt-Nhec Gvhp`rht`r Lhes @pge bkrbukt B`ecges`r oi`wgrs `utigt. ]rgnghtgr grr`r e¶^^ (`eiy Qgohst` prgnghtgr) Rn`rt Bkrbukt Crkvgr Nghtgr @utigt Rpggc 8 Rn`rt Bkrbukt Crkvgr Nghtgr @utigt Rpggc ?
>.88 \G_KLKBHEC@ @R RGER@_GR >.88 S`c`s `s sges`rgs cg tgdpgrhturh c` Krkb`el`rt sâ` c` tkp` ]S8===. ]hrh vgrklkbhr ` luebk`ehdget` c`s sges`rgs cg tgdpgrhturh cgvgrè utkikzhr-sg h thogih hegxh eh qug sg keckbh h rgiháâ` getrg h tgdpgrhturh t gdpgrhturh g h rgskstæebkh qug cgvg-sg dgckr getrg `s tgrdkehks c` sges`r. Sgdpgrhturh -2= -?= -8= = 8= ?= 2= 3= 7= =
32 -
_gskstæebkh .=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
]hrh `s vhi`rgs eâ` hprgsgethc`s eh thogih, cgvgrè gsb`ingr getrg `s vhi`rgs dhks pròxkd`s.
H gsbhih cg dgckáâ` c`s sges`rgs sâ` cg ‒ cg ‒2=¶B 2=¶B h +>=¶B.
]hrh vgrklkbhr ` b`rrgt` luebk`ehdget` c` sges`r cg nudkchcg rgihtkvh cgvgrè htuhr b`d` sg keckbh hohkx`. • \grklkbhr qug getrg `s tgrdkehks e¶ 2 g e¶ 7 c` b`egbt`r BE3 c` D`c` phsshagkr`s nè 7 \`its CB. CB. • \grklkbhr qug getrg `s tgrdkehks e¶ 3 g g e¶ 7 c` b`egbt`r BE3 c` d`c` ]hsshagkr`s nè hpr`xkdhchdgetg getrg 8 g 2 \`its @ sges`r cg rhckháâ` s`ihr ë ud ck`c` g p`rthet` p`cg vgrklkbhr dkckec` getrg sgus gxtrgd`s b`d ud p`iädgtr` gd p`skáâ` cg dgckr ck`c`s, cgvg dhrbhr getrg =,7 g =,< v`its gd udh ckrgáâ` g bkrbukt` hogrt` eh `utrh. @utrh p`sskokikchcg ë vgrklkbhr h cklgrgeáh cg tgesâ` getrg sgus gxtrgd`s qug cgvgrè sgr hpr`xkdhchdgetg getrg =,8 g =,? \`its. >.8? _GR@IWÁÂ@ CG H\H_ÄHR >.8? Hohkx` d`strh hs hvhrähs dhks b`dues b`d` hs qug p`cgd geb`etrhr ` pgss`hi cg dheutgeáâ`, g hs p`sskokikchcgs cg s`iuá÷gs.
Eh tgih eâ` d`strh ehch.
• \grklkbhr lusävgi cg bhrr`bgrkh phrh +DBR. +DBR. • \grklkbhr h hikdgetháâ` c` d`c` b`ecut`r. Cgvg nhvgr ?3\ getrg ` pke 1 c` BE8 g dhssh. dhssh. • \grklkbhr h b`egxâ` getrg h tgih g ` d`c` ` d`c` b`ecut`r. Cgvg nhvgr >\ getrg ` pke 1 c` BE? g dhssh.
Eh tgih hphrgbg h dgesshagd QHKSKEA E@CG Eâ` gxkstg b`duekbháâ` getrg ` d`c` b`ecut`r g h tgih. \grklkbhr ` b`egxk`ehc` c`s pkegs 2 g 3 c` BE?.
H` htkvhr ` cgsb`egbthc`r cg ohtgrkhs eâ` cgshphrgbg ch tgih c` d`c` RIGG]KEA .
• \grklkbhr sg nè tgesâ` ?3\ cg +2= getrg `s pkegs 8=,88,8? g dhssh. dhssh.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
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Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Rg thdoëd hphrgbg eh tgih ` sädo`i` cg ohtgräh ohkxh, kst` skaeklkbh qug h tgesâ` eh ohtgrkh ë dge`r cg ?? \CB. Egstg bhs` ` bikdhtkzhc`r eâ` b`dgáhrè h luebk`ehr h eâ` sgr qug ikaug ` d`t`r g h tgesâ` ch ohtgrkh gstkvgr hbkdh cg ??\CB
@s igcs keckbhc`rgs c` luebk`ehdget` hut`dètkb` eâ` ikahd6
Gstgs igcs ikahd quhet` ` d`t`r c` óekous tkvgr geahthc`. Cgvg vgrklkbhr sg h prgsgeáh cg ?3\ b`d d`t`r gd dhrbnh getrg `s pke 8> c` BE2 g dhssh. \grklkbhr thdoëd quhi d`c` eâ` tkvgr skc` hphahc` cg l`rdh dheuhi.
Hphrgbg eh tgih h dgesshagd B@DD G__6
Kss` `b`rrg p`rqug eâ` nè b`duekbháâ` getrg `s phsshagkr`s b`ecut`r. \grklkqug BHE8N BHE8I cg hb`rc` b`d ckharhdh giëtrkb`
@ d`c` phsshagkr`s eâ` sg b`i`bh gd hut`dètkb` (eâ` ikah ` igc vgrdgin` `u eâ` hphrgbg h tgdpgrhturh pr`arhdhch eh tgih) Getrhr eh tgih cg ckhaeòstkb` cg B`ecut`r B`ecut`r g vgrklkbhr sg E]48, gd bhs` b`etrèrk` vgrklkbhr h tgesâ` tgesâ` cg hikdgethbkòe + OS cg phsshagkr`s.
>.82 WEKCHCG CG BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@ ]HRRHAGK_@R >.82 H uekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c`s c` s phsshagkr`s ë b`dp`sth pgi`s sgauketgs gigdget`s6
B`dprgss`r cg hr b`eckbk`ehc` i`bhikzhc` eh z`eh c` d`t`r.
B`ecgeshc`r, gvhp`rhc`rgs, rhckhc`rgs cg èauh g shächs cg vgetkiháâ` i`bhikzhchs eh z`eh ckhetgkrh c` tgt`.
37 -
Bgetrhi cg hqugbkdget` i`bhikzhch eh phrtg ckrgkth ch z`eh d`t`r
B`evgrs`rgs i`bhikzhc`s ehs z`ehs ihtgrhks h` i`ea` c` pks` c` vgäbui`
Cklgrgetgs sges`rgs cg dgckáâ` cg tgdpgrhturhs, uekchcg g gsthc` cg ikdpgzh c` lkitr`
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
>.83 WEKCHCG CG BIKDHSKVHÁÂ@ B@ECWS@_ >.83 H uekchcg cg bikdhtkzháâ` c` b`ecut`r ë b`dp`sth pgi`s sgauketgs gigdget`s6
Ohtgrkh cg bhi`r b`d h suh vèivuih b`rrgsp`ecgetg.
Ohtgrkh cg lrk` b`d h suh vèivuih cg gxphesâ` b`rrgsp`ecgetg.
Cklgrgetgs sges`rgs cg dgckáâ` cg tgdpgrhturhs g gsthc` cg ikdpgzh c` lkitr`.
Rhächs cg vgetkiháâ`.
S`c`s gstgs gigdget`s gstâ` i`bhikzhc`s eh z`eh ckhetgkrh fuet` í bhokeg cg b`ecuáâ`. Shdoëd gxkstg ud sges`r cg rhckháâ` s`ihr i`bhikzhc` e` phkegi cg kestrudget`s. >.87 ]_Ë-HXWGBGC@_ >.87 Gstg gigdget` krkh hfuchr h hibheáhr ` b`el`rt` c` vgäbui` gd dge`r tgdp`, udh vgz qug hfuch h hqugbgr ` bkrbukt` cg hqugbkdget`. ]`r suh vgz h` hqugbgr ` bkrbukt` d`t`r vhk hfuchr h` hrrhequg c` vgäbui`. >.8.8< >.8.8.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
.
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3.8.8.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
H sgaukr, rghikzhr t`chs hs `pgrhá÷gs keckbhchs eh sgbáâ` _G\KR×GR ]G_KÒCKBHR, sgec` h öitkdh cg t`chs gihs, h vgrklkbháâ` ch bhrah cg rglrkagrhetg.
; RKRSGDHR GIËS_KB@R Getrg h c`budgetháâ` getrgaug b`d bhch vgäbui`, sgaug ud gxgdpihs cg t`c`s `s gsqugdhs giëtrkb`s g pegudètkb`s, pgrs`ehikzhc`s phrh bhch vgäbui`. H rgp`skáâ` cg lusävgks g rgiæs cglgktu`s` cgvg sgr rghikzhch igvhec` gd b`eth hs sgauketgs `osgrvhá÷gs6 @s lusävgks g rgiæs Xuhec`
cgvgrâ` sgdprg sgr cg bhrhbtgrästkbhs kauhks keckbhchs e`s gsqugdhs giëtrkb`s.
sg qugkdh `u cgtgrk`rh hiaud lusävgi `u rgiæ, cgvg-sg pr`burhr h bhush ch hvhrkh hetgs cg sg
rgp`r ` b`dp`egetg p`r `utr` cg kauhi gspgbklkbháâ`. S`c`s
`s lusävgks g rgiæs cgstg vgäbui` sâ` phcr÷gs g p`cgd sgr `otkc`s gd quhiqugr gsthogigbkdget`
b`dgrbkhi udh rgprgsgetháâ` cg pgáhs ch Krkzhr Orhski ISCH. ISCH. ;.8 ;.8
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CG ]KI@S@R G IÏD]HCHR
;.8.8 RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR CKHESGK_HR H suostktukáâ` chs iïdphchs ckhetgkrhs sg rghikzhrè sgaukec` `s sgauketgs phss`s6
Lhr`i ckhetgkr` lgbnhc`
Horkec` Lhr`i ckhetgkr`
h) Horkr ` pèrh-bn`qug ckhetgkr`: o) _gtkrhr h p`rbh o`ro`igth cg lkxháâ` c` lhr`i: b) Horkr ` lhr`i sò sgetkc` cg suh c`orhckáh, b`d` keckbhc` eh lkaurh hbkdh. Curhetg h hogrturh, ` lhr`i rghikzhrè c`ks d`vkdget`s. c) Wdh vgz hogrt`, cgsb`egbthr ` b`egbt`r ch iïdphch qug cgsgfh gxtrhkr g suostktukr h dgsdh p`r udh cg dgsdh gspgbklkbháâ`. g) _gb`egbthr `s bho`s g lgbnhr ` lhr`i rghikzhec` `s dgsd`s d`vkdget`s c` ktgd ’b— dhs e` sgetkc` b`etrèrk`. l) _ghpgrthr h p`rbh o`ro`igth, g lgbnhr ` pèrh-bn`qugs.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? _ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
K
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3>
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
;.8.? RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR S_HRGK_HR ;.8.? @ pr`bgckdget` cg suostktukáâ` c`s pki`t`s trhsgkr`s sg rghikzh sgauec` `s phss`s cgsbrkt`s h sgaukr6
Shdph trhsgkrh trhsgkrh
]ki`t`s trhsgkr`s trhsgkr`s
h) Horh h thdph c` d`t`r o) Gxtrhkr ` b`egbt`r ch iïdphch qug sg cgsgfh tr`bhr. b) Akrhr ` s`qugtg e` sgetkc` hetk-n`rèrk` g gxtrhä-i`. c) Rgphrhr h iïdphch c` s`qugtg g ketr`cuzkr h iïdphch e`vh. g) Ketr`cuzkr ` s`qugtg e` pki`t` akrhec`-` e` sgetkc` n`rèrk`. l) B`egbthr ` bho` e` s`qugtg.
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ C@R ]KI@S@R CKHESGK_@R G S_HRGK_@R
;.8.2 ;.8.2
@ pr`bgckdget` cg suostktukáâ` c`s pki`t`s trhsgkr`s g ckhetgkr`s sg rghikzh sgauec` `s phss`s cgsbrkt`s h sgaukr6
]ki`t` ckhetgkr`
]ki`t` trhsgkr`
h) Cgsphrhlushr hs gstruturhs c`s pki`t`s lkxhc`s eh lkorh cg vkcr`. o) Gxtrhkr ` pki`t` b) R`ithr ` b`egbt`r g gxtrhkr ` s`qugtg. c) Sr`bhr h iïdphch, b`i`bhr ` s`qugtg cg v`ith g prgecgr ` pki`t` eh gstruturh cg lkorh. 3; -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW R ] O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
;.8.3 ;.8.3
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ C@R ]KI@S@R KESG_DKSGESGR IHSG_HKR
]hrh suostktukáâ` cgstgs pki`t`s cgvg sg hbgsshr ` b`dphrtkdget` rgihtkv` í thdph eh quhi ` pki`t` gstè lkxhc`. Gxtrhk-sg ` s`qugtg qug gstè prgs` s`org prgssâ`, g pr`bgcg-sg h tr`bh ch iïdphch. i ïdphch.
]ki`t`s ketgrdktgetgs ihtgrhks
;.8.7 ;.8.7
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ C@ LH_@I CG EGOIKEH CKHESGK_@
@ hbgss` ís iuzgs cg egoikeh ë rghikzhc` htrhvës ch hogrturh c`s pèrh-bn`qugs. Wdh vgz hogrt` ` pèrh-bn`qug, rghikzh-sg ` hbgss` h` lhr`i, rgtkrh-sg h pr`tgáâ` cg o`rrhbnh cg vgcháâ`, gxtrhkr ` s`qugtg g rghikzhr h tr`bh ch iïdphch. H` rgd`ethr ` skstgdh, euebh sg gsqugbgr cg rgb`i`bhr h pr`tgáâ` cg o`rrhbnh phrh vgcháâ`. ;.8..=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
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7=
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW R ] O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
;.8.1 ;.8.1
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@ B@ECWS@_ G C@ AWKH
Rktuhchs s`org h bhph c`s d`ekt`rgs, h suostktukáâ` cgsth iïdphchs sg rghikzh gxtrhkec` ` hr` cg rgtgeáâ` ch iïdphch. Gxtrhkr h iïdphch, s`ithr ` b`egbt`r g suostktukr h dgsdh.
;.8.> RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@ BGES_@ CG SGS@ ;.8.> @pgrhá÷gs phrh h tr`bh cg iïdphchs6 Gxtrhkr h iïdphch b`dpigth cg sgu iuahr. Akrhr ` hr` cg hbhohdget` g gxtrhä-i`. Gxtrhkr ` vkcr` qug b`org h èrgh cg hi`fhdget` ch iïdphch. _ghikzhr h tr`bh ch iïdphch \`ithr h d`ethr ` b`efuet` g ketr`cuzkr h iïdphch gd sgu iuahr.
;.8.; ;.8.;
RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IÏD]HCHR C@R CGA_HWR CG HBGRR@
]hrh rghikzhr h tr`bh chs iïdphchs c`s cgarhus cg hbgss` ë egbgssèrk` gxtrhkr ` pki`t` p`r b`dpigt` s`ithec` sgus phrhlus`s cg lkxháâ`. Wdh vgz rghikzhch gsth `pgrháâ` h tr`bh chs iïdphchs pr`bgcg ch dgsdh l`rdh qug phrh `s pki`t`s gxtgre` ihtgrhks.
;.8.8= RWORSKSWKÁÂ@ CHR IWVGR C@ B@__GC@_ ;.8.8= Hs iuzgs c` b`rrgc`r sâ` suostktuächs cgp`ks ch gxtrháâ` c` pièstkb` trhesiöbkc` vgrcg. Wdh vgz rghikzhch gsth `pgrháâ`, hs rëauhs c`s IGCR lkbhrâ` hd`strh. Gd sgaukch, cgvg-sg s`ithr ` hbhohdget` heauihr eh gxtrgdkchcg c` b`rrgc`r g cgsi`bhr `s bkrbukt`s kdprgss`s gsb`rrgahec`-`s pgih bhehigth htë qug sg hibhebg ` bkrbukt` b`d IGCR qugkdhc`s.
78 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW R ] O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
;.8.88 O@S×GR R@IKBKSHÁÂ@ CG RG_\KÁ@R ;.8.88 ]hrh h suostktukáâ` c`s ktges rgihbk`ehc`s e` suotätui` hbkdh, cgvg-sg s`ithr ` cklus`r cg hr p`r b`dpigt` b`d` d`strh h lkaurh sgauketg. H tr`bhch chs iïdphchs pr`bgcg-sg ch dgsdh l`rdh qug phrh hs iïdphchs c`s pki`t`s.
O`t÷gs cg sgrvká` g iuzgs cg igkturh
8= GRB@SKINHR
Gd bhs` cg gdgraæebkh, phrh horkr h gsb`tkinh cg tgt`, cgvg-sg puxhr h hihvhebh cg hogrturh g gdpurrè-ih phrh bkdh.
88 ÈWCK@ g \ÄCG@ 88.8 ÈWCK@ G \ÄCG@ 88.8 @ gqukphdget` cg èuck` g väcg` ë b`dp`st` pgi`s sgauketgs gigdget`s6 _èck` Hdpiklkbhc`r Gqukphdget` cg C\C ’D`ekt`r cg
83— g ?8— ?8—
Dkbr`l`egs
@s hit`-lhihetg trhsgkr`s (shiâ`) luebk`ehd uekbhdgetg b`d ` hdpiklkbhc`r hbk`ehc`. H kdpgcïebkh däekdh p`r bhehi cgvg sgr cg 3 @nds g h dèxkdh > @nds. H htkvháâ` c`s dkbr`l`egs heuih ` s`d c` rèck` g c` väcg`. @ dkbr`l`eg c` b`ecut`r (`pbk`ehi) tgd prk`rkchcg s`org quhiqugr l`etg cg èuck` cgetr` c` vgäbui`. Rgdprg qug hbk`ehc` s`orgp÷g ` s`d cg t`c`s `s `utr`s gigdget`s. _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
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7?
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O @ v`iudg
cg s`d phrh `s hit`-lhihetgs hit` -lhihetgs lr`ethks, cgstkehc`s h ckstrkoukáâ` cg s`d e` p`st` c` b`ecut`r g c`
aukh ë b`etr`ihc` e` pròprk` rèck`. @
v`iudg cg s`d phrh `s phsshagkr`s ë b`etr`ihc` ckrgthdgetg e` hdpiklkbhc`r kecgpgecgetgdgetg ch
l`etg c` s`d (rèck`, C\C `u dkbr`l`egs). Bhs`
sg utkikzg pr`cut`s í ohsg cg bgrh phrh ikdpgzh c` phkegi, ë b`evgekgetg b`orkr ` gqukphdget` cg s`d
phrh gvkthr che`s.
88.? _HCK@-HD]IKLKBHC@_ 88.? 88.?.8 LWEBK@EHDGES@ - CWHI V@EG 88.?.8
@ gqukphdget` p`cg luebk`ehr skduitheghdgetg gd cuhs èrghs cklgrgetgs, gsths sâ` B@ECWS@_ (C_\) g ]HRRHAGK_@ (]RA)
Bhch èrgh tgd ` sgu pròprk` o`tâ` akrhtòrk` cg v`iudg, o`tâ` cg sgigáâ` cg l`etg (RB_) g `s sgus äb`egs rgspgbtkv`s.
Xuhec` h èrgh gstkvgr sgigbk`ehch, ` äb`eg (C_\) `u (]RA) hbgecg, g phrtkr cgssg d`dget` h dhekpuiháâ` cg t`c`s `s `utr`s o`t÷gs hlgthrè hpgehs gssh èrgh.
]hrh sgigbk`ehr udh èrgh pgrdhegetg, prgssk`eg ` o`tâ` akrhtòrk` cg v`iudg.
]hrh duchr ` v`iudg, h b`elkaurháâ` cg èuck` `u h l`etg cg quhiqugr èrgh, sò tgd cg ikahr ckrgthdgetg `s o`t÷gs b`rrgsp`ecgetgs. Xuhec` tkvgr lkxhc` `s phrïdgtr`s, h èrgh prëvkh v`ithrè h sgigbk`ehr-sg hut`dhtkbhdgetg.
88.?.? B@I@BHÁÂ@ GD LWEBK@EHDGES@ 88.?.? E` luebk`ehdget` cgstg gqukphdget`, cgvg htgethr `s sgauketgs p`et`s6 _gbgpáâ` cg rèck`
\grklkbhr sg h rgbgpáâ` cg rèck`, thet` gd HD b`d` gd LD gsth b`rrgth, phrh kss` v`bæ cgvg vgrklkbhr sg ` gqukphdget` pr`burh g phrh cg dhegkrh b`rrgth ehs lrgquæebkhs qug b`engbg.
Luebk`ehdget` c` BC / D]2 / C\C
\grklkbhr, ketr`cuzkec` ud cksb` b`dphbt` arhvhc` gd l`rdht` D]2, sg ` BC iæ b`rrgthdgetg. \grklkbhr, ketr`cuzkec` ud C\C, sg ` hphrgin` iæ b`rrgthdgetg `s cksb`s.
]rgbhuá÷gs
Hs rgb`dgechá÷gs h tgr gd b`eth sâ` t`chs ckrgbk`ehchs phrh ` igkt`r cg BC/C\C, sgec` gsths6
72 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
\grklkbhr `s cksb`s hetgs cg rgpr`cuzk-i`s, rgpr `cuzk-i`s, cgkxhec` l`rh `s cksb`s qug tgenhd rk rksb`s, sb`s, lgechs `u qug sgfhd burvhc`s.
Ikdphr ` pò c`s cksb`s b`d rgihtkvh lrgquæebkh, phrh kss` cgvg utkikzhr udh bhduráh suhvg.
Dhetgr `s cksb`s hlhsthc`s cg z`ehs `ecg sg p`sshd hibheáhr hiths tgdpgrhturhs
88.?.2 CGRB_KÁÂ@ I`bhikzháâ` chs pgáhs (Wekchcg prkebkphi) prkebkphi)
8 ? 2 3 72 7 ; 8= 88 8? 82 83 87 8<
Rgigbk`eh ` D@C@ cg rgpr`cuáâ` g htkvh h lueáâ` SH phrh _CR
81 8> 8; ?= ?8 ??
Ckspihy D`strh kel`rdháâ` kel`rdháâ` s`org ` gsthc` htuhi c` gqukphdget` Ikahc`/cgsikahc` quhec` prgssk`ehc` curhetg ?s: skigebkhc` quhec` prgssk`ehc`
Rgigbk`eh h lrgquæebkh cg ohech g htkvh HL phrh _CR
Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgigbk`eh ud ckrgtòrk` c krgtòrk` kelgrk`r Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgigbk`eh ud ckrgtòrk` c krgtòrk` supgrk`r Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgigbk`eh h gstháâ gstháâ` ` cg rèck` dgd`rkzhch Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgigbk`eh h gstháâ gstháâ` ` cg rèck` dgd`rkzhch Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgth phrh bkdh curhetg dgeu D]2 Dgd`rkzh udh e`vh gstháâ` cg rèck` g sgth phrh ohkx` curhetg dgeu D]2 Gxpi`rháâ` Gxpi`rháâ ` & Hut`-dgd`rkh cg gsthá÷gs cg rè ck` g prë -`uvkr hrqukv`s cg döskbh Ketr`cuz h uekchcg WRO _gd`tg Rges`r _gbgog ` skehi kelrh-vgrdgin` c` b`dhec` í ckstïebkh Hvheá` rèpkc`/pròxkdh lhkxh/hrqukv` Hfusth ` v`iudg g b`elkaurháâ b`elkaurháâ` ` cg è uck` (]hsshagkr` `u B`ecut`r) _gtr`bgss` rèpkc`/prë-`uvkr h lhkxh/hrqukv` Wtkikzhr phrh ketr`cuzkr `u gfgthr ud cksb` Rgigbk`eh h l`etg cg èuck` ch è rgh b`rrgsp`ecgetg (]RA `u C_\)
_gpr`cuz/Ketgrr`dpg h rgpr`cuáâ rgpr`cuáâ` ` ]èrh h rgpr`cuáâ` rgpr`cuáâ` _gsthurh h uekchcg p`r nhrcwhrg Duch h kel`rdháâ kel`rd háâ` ` d`strhch e` vks`r/tgih
I`bhikzháâ` chs pgáhs (vks`r IBC) IBC)
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
.
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73
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O Keckbh h sgigáâ` ch èrgh c` b`ecut`r
8 ? 2 3 7 <
Keckbh h sgigáâ` cg HW^ Keckbh h sgigáâ` cg _HCK@ Keckbh h sgigáâ` cg CKRB@ Keckbh h sgigáâ` cg WRO Keckbh h sgigáâ` cg dkbr`l`eg D`strh udh hekdháâ` hekdháâ` quhec` sg gstè h bhrrgahr ` cksb`
1 > ;
Keckbh h sgigáâ` ch èrgh c` phsshagkr`
Keckbh h sgigáâ` c` D@C@ cg rgpr`cuáâ` (b`d rgpgtkáâ`/ hightòrkh)
I`bhikzháâ` chs phrtgs (b`dhec` í ckstïebkh) KD]@_SHESG6 @ b`dhec` í ckstïebkh thdoëd ë utkikzhc` gd `utr`s gqukphdget`s HBSKH, p`r kss` ë egbgssèrkh h sgigáâ` c` cksp`sktkv`, prgssk`ehec` ` o`tâ` ’7==—, hetgs ch prkdgkrh utkikzháâ`.
8 ? 2 3 7 < 1 > ; 8= 88 8? 82 83 87 8< 81 8> 8; ?= ?8 ?? ?2 ?3 ?7 ?< ?1 ?> ?; 2=
Ikah/cgsikah ` gqukphdget` Gsb`ing ` dët`c` cg trhesdkssâ` CKR]IH[ D`strh kel`rdháâ kel`rdháâ` s`org tä tui`s g bhpä tui`s c` cksb` gd rgpr`cuáâ` rgpr`cuáâ` \èrkhs lueá÷gs cg hb`rc` b`d hs prglgræebkhs keckvkcuhks. Wtkikzhr phrh gfgthr `u ketr`cuzkr ud cksb` Wshr phrh sgigbk`e sgigbk`ehr hr suotä tui`s Wshr phrh sgigbk`ehr ` kck`dh cg èuck` Wshr quhec` gstkvgr h lhzgr udh sgigáâ sgigáâ` ` e` dgeu c` tgih Wshr gstg o`tâ` o`tâ` phrh cgshtkvhr h shä ch cg vä cg` g phrh sò `uvkr ` èuck` Wshr gstg o`tâ` phrh sgigbk`ehr h lhkxh qug cgsgfh rgpr`cuzkr _gpgtkr ` lrhadget` sgigbk`ehc` Sgbihs cg ehvgaháâ` Hpr`xkdh `u hlhsth ` vkcg` `u l`t` D`strh ` tä tui` c` cksb` gd _gpr`cuáâ _gpr`cuáâ` ` D`strh ` dgeu c` cksb` c ksb` gd rgpr`cuáâ` Rgigbk`eh ` b`dprkdget` cg `ech ch rèck` (LD8, LD?, LD2, HD8, HD?) Dhetgenh prgssk`ehc` phrh htkvhr ` dgeu ]BO O`tâ` O`tâ ` cg rgtr`bgss` rèpkc` O`tâ` O`tâ ` cg hvheá` rèpkc` Hvheáh Hvheá h htë h` prò pròxkd` xkd` bhpä tui` `u lhkxh _gtr`bgcg htë h` bhpä tui` `u lhkxh lhkxh hetgrk`r ]hrh h rgpr`cuáâ` Htkvh `u ketgrr`dpg h rgpr`cuáâ rgpr`cuáâ` ` Hvheáh gd bïdgrh igeth pgi` cksb` (prgssk`eg vèrkhs vgzgs phrh duchr h vgi`bkchcg) Wtkikzg gstg o`tâ` phrh gsb`ingr ` d`c` cg rgpr`cuáâ` Rgigáâ` Rgigáâ ` ch è rgh / b`elkaurháâ` b`elkaurháâ` c` s`d ch hrgh (OHI, OHRR, S_GOIG, gtb.) Hfusth ` v`iudg eh èrgh Rgigbk`eh h l`etg cg èuck` (HW^/CKRJ/ WRO/_HCK@/DKB) eh èrgh Rkigebkh ` huck` Auhrch kdhages ckeïdkbhs ckeïdkbhs (cg ud C\C) C\C) b`d` tgih cg keä bk`
Rgigbk`eh hphrgin` HBS7=8 (` b`dhec` luebk`ehrè hpgehs phrh ` igkt`r HBS7=8) Rgigbk`eh hphrgin` HBS7=8/HBS7=3 (` b`dhec` luebk`ehrè hpgehs phrh ` igkt`r HBS7=8 `u HBS7=3)
B@ES_@IG _GD@S@ Kesthiháâ` ch ohtgrkh Cgsikzg h thdph eh phrtg p`stgrk`r c` b`etr`ig rgd`t` g b`i`qug h ohtgrkh b`d `s pòi`s p`sktkv` (+) g egahtkv` (-) eh ckrgáâ` b`rrgth.
77 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
Xuhec` ushr pgih prkdgkrh vgz, rgtkrg h pgiäbuih shikgetg ch thdph.
]_GBHWÁÂ@
_gtkrg h ohtgrkh sg eâ` l`r utkikzhr ` b`etr`ig rgd`t` p`r ud dæs `u dhks.
Eâ` rgbhrrgaug, eâ` cgshtkvg, eâ` hqugáh h ohtgrkh egd h htkrg h` l`a`.
Eâ` hrdhzgeg h ohtgrkh fuethdgetg b`d dhtgrkhks dgtèikb`s.
E` bhs` cg `b`rrgr udh luah ch ohtgrkh, ikdpg b`dpigthdgetg ` b`etr`ig g b`i`qug udh ohtgrkh e`vh.
Xuhec` tkrhr hs ohtgrkhs ushchs, budprh hs e`rdhtkvhs a`vgrehdgethks `u hs rgarhs chs kestktuká÷gs pöoikbhs c` dgk`-hdokgetg qug tgenhd vkaæebkh e` sgu phäs/z`eh.
Bgrtklkqug-sg sgdprg cg qug gstè h b`i`bhr hs ohtgrkhs b`d `s pòi`s p`sktkv` (+) g egahtkv` (-) b`i`bhc`s eh ckrgáâ` b`rrgth.
Wtkikzháâ` c` b`etr`ig rgd`t` Hp`etg b`d ` b`etr`ig gd ckrgáâ` h` phkegi lr`ethi phrh qug luebk`eg.
KD]@_SHESG
Eâ` gxp`enh ` b`etr`ig h hiths tgdpgrhturhs, egd í iuz ckrgth c` s`i.
Eâ` cgkxg bhkr ` b`etr`ig e` bnâ`.
8? C\C ]IH[G_ 8?.8.8 WR@ 8?.8.8 Curhetg ` luebk`ehdget` c` C\C, ` usuèrk` cgvg sg htgethr phrh `s sgauketgs hspgbt`s6 Rkstgdh cg luebk`ehdget` c` C\C
Cgvg-sg tgr gd b`eth qug cg lht` gxkstgd < z`ehs cg b`cklkbháâ` cg cksb`s g qug ` C\C sg geb`etrh b`cklkbhc` phrh ud cgtgrdkehch z`eh, eâ` sgec` p`ssävgi igr cksb`s cg `utrhs z`ehs sgd hetgs nhvgr tr`bhc` h b`cklkbháâ`. V`eh ’8— WRH, Bhehcè, tgrrktòrk`s WRH. V`eh ’?— Fhpâ`, Gur`ph, Èlrkbh c` Rui, @rkgetg Dëck` (Kebiukec` Gakt`). V`eh ’2— Rucgstg ch Èskh g Igstg (kebiukec` N`ea J`ea). V`eh ’3— Hustrèikh, E`vh Vgiïeckh, Kinhs c` ]hbälkb`, Hdërkbh Bgetrhi, Hdërkbh c` Rui, Bhrkog. _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
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-
788 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
V`eh ’7— Igstg Gur`pgu (Wekâ` R`vkëtkbh), Äeckh, Èlrkbh, B`rëkh c` E`rtg, D`eaòikh. V`eh ’ ; 8=
Rgigbk`ehr h l`etg _gpr`cuzkr h däckh (BC/C\C) ]hushr h rgpr`cuáâ` ]hrhr h rgpr`cuáâ` _gargsshr rèpkc` / hetgrk`r (trhbj `u hrqukv`) Hvheáhr rèpkc` / pròxkd` (trhbj `u hrqukv`) Rgigbk`ehr c` ckrgtòrk` hohkx` Rgigbk`ehr c` ckrgtòrk` hbkdh Rgigbk`ehr c` d`c` cg rgpr`cuáâ` Hitgrehr h kel`rdháâ` qug ë gxkokch e` phkegi
88 8? 82 83 87
Rges`r skehi cg` b`etr`ig rgd`t` Ikahr `uc` Cgsikahr C\C ]ihygr /DWSG Gxkokr kel`rdhá÷gs s`org ` gsthc` cg rgpr`cuáâ` htuhi _gkekbkhikzhr ` gqukphdget` dgbhekbhdgetg ]`rth cg getrhch cg chc`s WRO ]rgbhuá÷gs
Eâ` gxp`r `s Dhetgr
cksb`s h tgdpgrhturhs gigvhchs ís quhks p`cgd cheklkbè-i`s
bukchc`s b`d `s cksb`s g dhetæ-i`s sgdprg ikdp`s h lkd cg b`ethdkehr ` igkt`r òtkb` c`
hphrgin`.
71 -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O Gequhet`
` cksb` eâ` ë rgtkrhc` c` hphrgin` cg C\C, gstg auhrch eh dgdòrkh ` öitkd` p`et` cg phrhch
eh rgpr`cuáâ`. Xuhec` sg ikah ` C\C e`vhdgetg, h rgpr`cuáâ` rgb`dgáh cgstg p`et` cg phrhch sgd h egbgsskchcg cg hbgsshr e`vhdgetg ` DGEW kekbkhi. 8?.? D@EKS@_GR CG 8?.?
3—
G CG ? —
8?.?.8 WR@ 8?.?.8 Ikahec` ` gqukphdget` ]hrh ikahr `s d`ekt`rgs cgvg-sg cgvg-sg htkvhr ` ketgrrupt`r c` hdpiklkbhc`r cge`dkehc` ’väcg`—. Lgkt` kst`, ohsthr kesgrkr ud cksb` e` hphrgin` cg C\C g prgssk`ehr ’]ihy—. @ d`ekt`r b`dgáh h luebk`ehr hsskd qug rgbgog ` skehi cg väcg` c` C\C.
Hfustg c`s eävgks cg Orkin`, B`etrhstg g B`rgs. Gstgs hfustgs sg rghikzhd e`s pr`bgss`s cg lhorkbháâ` g d`ethagd. @s d`ekt`rgs kebiugd ud l`t` trheskst`r qug rgauih hut`dhtkbhdgetg `s eävgks cg orkin` g b`etrhstg cg hb`rc` b`d hs b`ecká÷gs cg iudke`skchcg g qug sg geb`etrg ` vgäbui`. 8?.?.? DHEWSGEÁÂ@ 8?.?.? @ d`ekt`r eâ` rgqugr bukchc`s gspgbälkb`s p`ks vkch ötki ë dhrbhch pgih i`eagvkchcg c` tuo` cg kdhagd.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
.
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7>
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
8?.2 DKB_@L@EG C@ AWKH 8?.2 8?.2.8 D@ESHAGD 8?.2.8 Curhetg
h
d`ethagd
c`
dkbr`l`eg cgvg htgethr phrh `s sgauketgs hspgbt`s6
_GL.\O2388;
C _ \K G _ D BK _ @ ] N @ E G
B`egx÷gs _ g l.
Cgvg-sg b`egbthr b`rrgthdgetg
G E @ N ] @ _ BK D G KC W A
\ O 2 > < =
_HCK@
\KCG@
HW^ 8
HW^ ?
DKB 8
= 1 8 ? O \. L G _
H D ] I KL KG _
DKB ?
` dkbr`l`eg ehs t`dhchs prgsgetg e` p`rth phb`tg (`pbk`ehi).
_GL. \
_ G L . \ O ? 7 8 8
8?.2.? WR@ 8?.2.? E` us` ckèrk` c` dkbr`l`eg cgvgd`s shogr6
Ikahec` ` dkbr`l`eg
]hrh ikahr ` dkbr`l`eg cgvg-sg hbk`ehr ` ketgrrupt`r prgsgetg e` b`rp` c` dgsd`.
7; -
K - _ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht` L`rdht` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O ]rgbhuá÷gs
Cgvgd`s tgr gd dgetg qug gequhet` quhiqugr dkbr`l`eg gstgfh ikahc`, eâ` p`cgd`s tgr hbgss` í `utrh l`etg cg s`d b`d` rèck` `u C\C. C\ C. @ dkbr`l`eg c` b`ecut`r (`pbk (`pbk`ehi) `ehi) tgd prk`rkchcg s`org quhiqugr `utrh l`etg cg s`d.
82 QB Gstg d`cgi` cg QB ë c` tkp` gigtr`-pegudètkb`. Gequhet` h iuz gstè hbgsh, ` skehi cg `buphc` hphrgbgrè e` rgiòak` ckakthi c` shiâ` (`pbk`ehi). H` getrhr e` QB, g lgbnhr h p`rth, trhvhec` gih b`d` d`strh eh kdhagd h` ihc`, h iuz ketgreh sg hbgecg. Kdp`rthetg6 phrh horkr h p`rth, h trhvh cgvg gsthr hp`ethec` phth h gsqugrch, b`d` d`strh eh prkdgkrh kdhagd. G phrh trhvhr h p`rth, cgvg-sg akrè-ih phrh h ckrgkth, b`d` d`strh h sgauech kdhagd.
]hrh horkr h èauh ch t`regkrh, ` o`tâ`, qug lkbh i`a` hohkx`, cgvg sgr prgssk`ehc`, dhs eâ` ` cgkxg prgssk`ehc` p`r dukt` tgdp`, p`ks p`cg qugkdhr ` cksp`sktkv` cg hbk`ehdget`. H èauh lkbh b`rrgec` p`r 1 sgauec`s, bhs` l`r egbgssèrk` prgssk`eg e`vhdgetg. \gfh eh kdhagd h` ihc`. H cgsbhrah c` vhs` shektèrk` ë hbk`ehch htrhvës c` pgchi d`strhc` eh lkaurh h` ihc`.
]rgssk`eg ` pgchi b`d ud c`s pës, htë qug ` skstgdh cg subáâ` puxg `s rgsäcu`s prgsgetgs e` vhs` shektèrk`.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
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88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
H o`doh qug gevkh èauh phrh pkh g phrh h cgsbhrah gsth i`bhikzhch eh phrtg kelgrk`r c` QB b`d hbgss` pgi` ohahagkr` hsskd b`d` ` cgpòskt` cg èauh ikdph.
I`a` hbkdh ch pkh, sg geb`etrh ` rgbkpkgetg cg shoâ` g cg t`hinhs cg phpgi. ]hrh tr`bhr ` rglki, horh h thdph ihtgrhidgetg, g b`i`qug ` shoâ` g h t`hinh cg phpgi gd sgus rgspgbtkv`s iuahrgs. \gfh eh kdhagd h` ihc`.
@ ikx` cgvg sgr f`ahc` eh ikxgkrh, qug sg i`bhikzh i`a` hohkx` ch pkh. ]hrh horkr, cgvg-sg prgssk`ehr b`d ud c`s pës ` pgchi hbk`ehc`r. \gfh b`d` pr`bgcgr eh kdhagd h` ihc`.
H vèivuih cg cgsbhrah ch bhkxh cg cgtrkt`s sg i`bhikzh cgetr` c` ohahagkr` `u pròxkd` h` b`dphrtkdget` c` d`t`r, cgpgecgec` ch b`ebgpáâ` c` bnhssk. Gsth vèivuih ë cg hbk`ehdget` pegudètkb` g tgd cupih háâ`6 phrh ohkx`, horg h vèivuih cg ahvgth prgsgetg eh bhkxh:
phrh bkdh, lgbnh h vèivuih cg ahvgth ch bhkxh cg cgtrkt`s.
B`d` phcr`ekzháâ`, `s vgäbui`s Krkzhr cksp÷gd cg udh bhkxh cg èauh ikdph eh b`r orhebh g udh bhkxh cg cgtrkt`s eh b`r bkezh. E` ]hkegi cg tgbihs6 Sgd`s i`bhikzhc` ud ketgrrupt`r
b`d ` quhi p`cgd`s gd sktuháâ` cg luebk`ehdget` `s gigdget`s
i`bhikzhc`s e` QB. Bhch vgz qug hiauëd ush ` ohengkr` `u ` sgrvká`, udh iuz, hphrgbgrè eh pihbh cg b`etr`ig.
.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8?
.
_ `c. Dh Dhrgbnh rgbnhii _`ec`e, JD ?7?,7, ?7?,7, O @SWBH SW ‒ R ]- O _ HR KI Sgi. 77 83 2 2>88 >88 >== >=== = krkzhrM krkzhr.b`d krkzhr.b`d.or .or
Dheuhi c` Wsuèrk` ‒ K_KVH_ ]O
83 ]@IS_@EHR
]`skáâ` cg us` Igvhethr ` orhá` g p`r b`d` eh lkaurh ?
]`skáâ` ikvrg Cgp`ks cg bngahr h` t`p`, p`r ` orhá` b`d` eh lkaurh 2
]`skáâ` cg cgsbhes` Eh p`skáâ` t`thidgetg hohkx`, h shäch c` phsshagkr` gstè pgrdktkch.
]`skáâ` cg us` Lhzgr ud bikqug phrh igvhr ` orhá` htë h p`skáâ` kekbkhi
83.8 IKD]GVH _GAWIH_ 83.8 Rgdhehidgetg udh suhvg hspkrháâ`, ikdphrè g hudgethrè h vkch ötki c` rgvgstkdget`. Cgvg-sg gvkthr hspkrhc`rgs b`d hiths prgss÷gs cg subáâ`, hs phsshchs cgvgd sgr rghikzhchs gd d`vkdget`s cg vhk g vgd (h lhv`r c` pæi` g b`etrh ` pæi`) cg l`rdh rgauihr g suhvg.
_ gvks â` 3 - L`rdht L`rdht` ` 833 - ?>.=7.?= ?>.=7.?=8? 8? -
K
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