Coral Reef Research in the Philippines and Beyond…

Coral Reef Research in the Philippines and Beyond…

Hazel O. Arceo

Philippines… Philippines…

Fast Facts:

CHINA




Composed of 7,107 islands




Total area: 300,000 km2

LUZON




N-S: 1,850 km

Manila




E-W: 1,127 km)

VISAYAS




Total coastline: 36,289 km




Population: 88.5 M (NSO 2007)

Cebu

MINDANAO




Tropical wet climate (wet and dry seasons)




How it was formed

Tracks of tropical cyclones that entered the PAR during the period period 19481948-2005 (1128 tropical cyclones)

Marine Biodiversity


LUZON

Coral Reefs


North Philippine Sea




2003; Veron & Fenner 2002)


South China Sea




Visayan Seas




VISAYAS

25,819 km2 (Burke et al. 2002) 464 coral species (Licuanan & Capili 915 reef fish species (Hilomen et al. 2000) [>3,000 fish species (FishBase 2007) ]

Algae - 820 species (Trono 1999) Seagrass - 16 species (Fortes & Santos 2004)

South Philippine Sea





Mangroves - 30 species (WRI 2003) Other species (Pan et al. 2008):



Sulu Sea

MINDANAO





Celebes Sea






Marine biogeographic regions (modified from Aliño and Gomez 1994)





Annelida – 57 Arthropoda – 582 Bryozoa – 56 Cnidaria – 669 Echinodormata – 90 Mollusca – 1,982 Mammalia - 31 Porfiera – 64 Reptilia - 27

The Philippines is at the center of marine biodiversity in the world world

Philippine MPAs








“Hottest” of the marine biodiversity hotspots in the world (Roberts et al. 2002) Over 1,000 existing MPAs in the country (Arceo et al. 2008) Only about 25-30% are effectively managed

 Previous Research Work

Bachelor of Science in Marine Biology (1993(1993-1997)

The Effects of Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg) on Milkfish (Chanos chanos), Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) and Horn Shell (Rhinoclavis sp.) Department of Biology - Marine Biology Section University of San Carlos, Cebu City

 Previous Research Work

Master of Science in Marine Science (1999(1999-2004)

Patterns and Role of Recruitment on the Community Dynamics of Reef Fishes in the Philippines Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines - Diliman

MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: 1.

To investigate patterns of recruitment in Philippine reef fishes



2.

Spatial (3 scales) Temporal

To examine the role of recruitment on coral reef fish dynamics

STUDY AREAS:

22.0

21.0

☯ 5 biogeographic regions ☯ 31 localities in 50 provinces

20.0

19.0

Aparri (3) 18.0

17.0

Anda (37) Alaminos (3)

Bolinao (23) Balingasay (45)

16.0

Casiguran (3) Dinalungan (7) Baler (7)

Masinloc (44)

Calauag Bay (31)

Mabini (10) Twin Rocks (40)

14.0

Latitude (°N)

• 26 (database) • 5 (primary data)

PHILIPPINE SEA

15.0

Lagonoy Gulf (27)

☯ 514 transects

Ragay Gulf (44) 13.0

SOUTH CHINA SEA Masbate (7) 12.0

North Palawan (7) El Nido (20)

11.0

Kalayaan Island

Honda Bay (17)

Group (9)

Talibon (7) Calape (10) Loon (10) Sibulan (8)

Danjugan (35)

Puerto Princesa

9.0

☯ Fish Visual Census

Cordova (10)

San Vicente (9) 10.0

Bay (17)

• Juveniles (100 m2) • Adults (500 m2)

Zamboanga (2)

8.0

SULU SEA

Tukuran (7) Tabina (7)

7.0

6.0

Kiamba (8)

CELEBES SEA

5.0

4.0 115.0

116.0

117.0

118.0

119.0

120.0

121.0

122.0

Longitude (°E)

123.0

124.0

125.0

126.0

127.0

128.0

☯ LIT (secondary data) ☯ Video Transects (primary data)

Spatial Pattern: Biogeographic Region no. of juveniles/100m2

Abundance

KruskalKruskal-Wallis ANOVA

250

*p