B737NG/23/308 Satcom
Boeing 737-600/700/800/900
Satcom Training manual For training purposes only LEVEL 3
ATA 23
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This publication was created by Sabena technics training department, Brussels-Belgium, following ATA 104 specifications. The information in this publication is furnished for informational and training use only, and is subject to change without notice. Sabena technics training assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Sabena technics training.
Contact address for course registrations course schedule information Sabena technics training
[email protected]
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................8 2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION........................................................................10 3. COMPONENT LOCATION.......................................................................14 3.1. Flight Compartment Interface Components..........................................14 3.2. Aft Cargo Compartment.......................................................................16 3.3. Antenna...............................................................................................18 4. INTERFACE.............................................................................................20 4.1. Power...................................................................................................20 4.2. Transmit/Receive...................................................................................22 4.3. Control and Status................................................................................24
13. TRAINING INFORMATION POINT........................................................52 13.1. Software Loading................................................................................52 13.2. Satcom Maint Page.............................................................................54 13.3. Last & Previous Leg Report Pages........................................................56 13.4. Class 3 Faults Page.............................................................................58 13.5. Test Page............................................................................................60 13.6. LRU Indentification Page.....................................................................62 13.7. Data Loader Menu..............................................................................64 13.8. Trouble Shooting Data Page................................................................66 13.9. Ground Report Page...........................................................................68 13.10. Configuration Data Pages.................................................................70 14. SUMMARY...........................................................................................72
5. SATELLITE DATA UNIT............................................................................28 6. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION..................................................................30 7. RADIO FREQUENCY SPLITTER...............................................................34 8. RADIO FREQUENCY COMBINER...........................................................35 9. LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/DIPLEXER........................................................36 10. LNA/DIP FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................38 11. HIGH GAIN ANTENNA.........................................................................40 12. OPERATION..........................................................................................42 12.1. Main Menu.........................................................................................42 12.2. Log On...............................................................................................44 12.3. Directory.............................................................................................46 12.4. Make Call...........................................................................................48 12.5. Voice Communication.........................................................................50
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AFT CARGO COMPARTMENT LOCATION................................................................................ 17 ANTENNA............................................................................................................................... 19 FLIGHT COMPARTMENT LOCATION........................................................................................ 15 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION..................................................................................................... 33 GENERAL DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................... 13 HIGH GAIN ANTENNA............................................................................................................ 41 INTERFACE - CONTROL AND STATUS...................................................................................... 27 INTERFACE - POWER............................................................................................................... 21 INTERFACE - TRANSMIT/RECEIVE............................................................................................ 23 LNA/DIP FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION....................................................................................... 39 LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/DIPLEXER............................................................................................ 37 OPERATION - DIRECTORY....................................................................................................... 47 OPERATION - LOG ON............................................................................................................. 45 OPERATION - MAIN MENU...................................................................................................... 43 OPERATION - MAKE CALL....................................................................................................... 49 OPERATION - VOICE COMMUNICATION................................................................................. 51 RF COMBINER......................................................................................................................... 35 RF SPLITTER............................................................................................................................. 34 SATCOM - INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 9 SATELITTE DATA UNIT............................................................................................................. 29 SUMMARY............................................................................................................................. 73 TRAINING INFORMATION - CLASS 3 FAULTS PAGE.................................................................. 59 TRAINING INFORMATION - CONFIGURATION DATA PAGES...................................................... 71 TRAINING INFORMATION - DATA LOADER MENU.................................................................... 65 TRAINING INFORMATION - GROUND REPORT PAGE................................................................ 69 TRAINING INFORMATION - LAST & PREVIOUS LEG REPORT PAGES.......................................... 57 TRAINING INFORMATION - LRU IDENTIFICATION PAGE............................................................ 63 TRAINING INFORMATION - SATCOM MAINT PAGE.................................................................. 55 TRAINING INFORMATION - SOFTWARE LOADING.................................................................... 53 TRAINING INFORMATION - TEST PAGE.................................................................................... 61 TRAINING INFORMATION - TROUBLE SHOOTING PAGE........................................................... 67
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACARS ACMS ACP ADIRS ADIRU ADL AES APU ARINC ATA ATC ATTN BGAN BITE C capt CDU CH cm CM CMU config dc DEU DFDAU FCC FDAU FLTNO FMC F/O GES GHz
airplane communications addressing and reporting system airplane condition and monitoring system audio control panel air data inertial reference system air data inertial reference unit airborne data loader aircraft earth station auxiliary power unit Aeronautical Radio Incorporated Air Transport Association air traffic control attenuator broadband global area network built-in test equipment center captain control display unit channel centimeter continuous monitor communication management unit configuration direct current display electronics unit digital flight data acquisition unit flight control computer flight data acquisition unit flight number flight management computer first officer ground earth station gigahertz page 5 28 - 03 - 2011 Rev : 3
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gspd HF HGA ICAO ident IF IFC IGA I/O IRS kg L LED LNA/DIP LSK LRU lwr MCU MHz mic MU obs ORT PDL PFIDS P/N POC pri PTT pwr R REU RF RFS rx
ground speed high frequency high gain antenna International Civil Aviation Organization identification intermediate frequency intermittent fault count intermediate gain antenna input/output inertial reference system kilogram left light emitting diode low noise amplifier/diplexer line select key line replaceable unit lower modular concept unit megahertz microphone management unit observer owner requirement table portable data loader passenger flight information distribution system part number power-on count priority push-to-talk power right remote electronics unit radio frequency radio frequency splitter receive
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SATCOM SDU temp TSPO tx UHF upr UTC v ac v dc VHF W warn xfr
satellite communication satellite data unit temperature time since power-on transmit ultra high frequency upper universal coordinated time volts alternating current volts direct current very high frequency Watt warning transfer
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1. INTRODUCTION. Purpose The satellite communication (SATCOM) system uses ground stations and satellites to transmit and receive data and voice messages. The SATCOM system supplies higher quality data and voice message signals for passengers and crew over longer distances than VHF and HF communication systems.
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SATCOM - INTRODUCTION EFFECTIVITY ALL
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2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION. General The satellite communication (SATCOM) system is a mobile communication system which supplies voice and data communication to and from the airplane. The SATCOM system supplies three channels of communication. Two channels give voice communication for the flight crew. One channel gives data communication for the airplane communication addressing and reporting system (ACARS) network. The SATCOM system uses a communication link between the airplane and ground earth stations (GESs) through a network of satellites. Satellite Network The satellite network acts as a relay between the ground earth stations and the airplane. The satellites are part of the International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat). The satellites are in geosynchronous orbit. There must be a line of sight between the airplane and the satellite in order to do operational tests of the SATCOM. Ground Earth Station The ground earth station (GES) connects the SATCOM system to the groundbased ACARS and public telephone networks. Airplane SATCOM Equipment These are the components of the airplane SATCOM system: - Satellite data unit (SDU) -Low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP) - Top-mounted high gain antenna (HGA) - Program switch module EFFECTIVITY ALL
The satellite data unit (SDU) is the system interface andcontroller for the airplane SATCOM system. The low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP) lets the SATCOM system receive and transmit signals at the same time. It also increases the strength of the received satellite signals which are a low power level. The high gain antenna (HGA) receives and transmits radio frequency (RF) signals for voice and data communication. . The SATCOM program switch module gives the identification code and the SATCOM configuration options for each airplane. SATCOM System Connections The airplane SATCOM equipment connects with these components: - Control display units (CDUs) - The SATCOM control and status pages on the CDU give control of the SATCOM system. These pages also show system status. - Audio control panels (ACPs) - The SDU sends call light discrete signals to the ACPs. The ACPs send call cancel discrete signals to the SDU. - Remote electronics unit (REU) - Microphone audio goes to the SDU through the REU. Receive audio goes from the SDU to the speakers and headsets through the REU. - ACARS communication management unit (CMU) - The ACARS CMU sends and receives data to and from the SDU for datalink communication with ground stations. - Air data inertial reference unit (ADIRU). The ADIRU sends inertial reference data to the SDU for beam steering.
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- Data loader control panel - The data loader control panel sends data from the data loader to the SDU. You use the data loader to load software into the SDU and to record built-intest data from the SDU. - Aural warning module - When the SDU receives a SATCOM call from the ground station, the SDU causes the aural warning module to make a high-low chime in the flight compartment . - Flight data acquisition unit (FDAU) - The remote electronics unit (REU) sends a keyline signal to the SDU when a crew member wants to transmit on SATCOM channel 1 or 2. The keyline signals also go to the FDAU for recording.
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3. COMPONENT LOCATION. 3.1. Flight Compartment Interface Components These flight compartment components interface with the SATCOM system: - Captain and first officer control display units (CDUs) - Captain, first officer, and first observer audio control panels (ACPs).
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FLIGHT COMPARTMENT LOCATION EFFECTIVITY ALL
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3.2. Aft Cargo Compartment These components for the SATCOM system are in the aft cargo compartment on the E6 rack: - SATCOM program switch module - Satellite data unit - Fan.
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3.3. Antenna High Gain Antenna System These components of the antenna system are in the cabin above the ceiling: - Top-mounted high gain antenna (HGA) - Low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP).
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4. INTERFACE. 4.1. Power The 115v ac XFER bus 1 supplies power to these SATCOM components: - Fan - Low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP) - Satellite data unit (SDU). The high gain antenna (HGA).
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4.2. Transmit/Receive General The control display units (CDU) connect with the satellite data unit (SDU) to control the SATCOM system.
Signal Flow - Transmit The SDU modulates the signals from the REU and ACARS management unit. The SDU sends RF signals to the high power amplifier (HPA) in the SDU.
Voice Operation The audio control panel (ACP) connects to the remote electronics unit (REU) to control the voice signals from the flight compartment to the SATCOM system. The REU connects with the SDU to send and receive audio signals for the flight crew.
The HPA in the SDU increases the signal strength and sends signal to the LNA/ DIP.
Data Operation The ACARS management unit connects with the SDU to send and receive data signals.
The transmit signals go to the LNA/DIP and then through the beam steering unit (BSU) in the high gain antenna. The BSU in the high gain antenna points the beam to the satellite by sending the RF signals through the antenna array at different phase angles. The HGA sends a narrow beam to the satellite.
Signal Flow - Receive The high gain antenna (HGA) receives radio frequency (RF) signals from the satellite. It sends them to the low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP). The diplexer couples the received signals from the antenna to the low noise amplifier (LNA). The LNA increases the power level of the received RF signal, and sends it to the SDU. The SDU receives the amplified RF signals from the LNA/Diplexer and demodulates them. The demodulated signals are sent to the REU or the ACARS management unit.
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4.3. Control and Status General The satellite data unit (SDU) supplies control data and collects failure data for the SATCOM system.
Control Display Units The flight crew uses the CDUs to send control signals to the SDU for SATCOM system operation.
These components have an interface with the SDU for control and status data:
Remote Electronics Unit The REU sends microphone audio from the captain and first officer stations to the SDU. SAT 1 connects to the captain station. SAT 2 connects to the first officer station.
- Low noise amplifier/diplexer (LNA/DIP) - High gain antenna (HGA) - Control display units (CDU) - Remote electronics unit (REU) - Audio control panels (ACPs) - Air data inertial reference unit (ADIRU) - Data loader control panel - Program Switch Module Low Noise Amplifier/Diplexer The LNA/DIP receives an ON/OFF control command from the SDU. The LNA/DIP sends a discrete BITE signal to the SDU. High Gain Antenna (HGA) The HGA receives control signals from the SDU. The control signals contain the commands from the SDU for steering the beam toward the satellite. The antenna sends antenna BITE data to the SDU. Program Switch Module The program switch module sends the international civil aviation organization (ICAO) address to the SDU. The ICAO address identifies the airplane.
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The SDU sends the received audio from channels 1 and 2 (SAT1, SAT2) to the REU. SAT1 audio goes to the captain card in the REU. SAT 2 audio goes to the first officer card. The REU sends keyline (PTT) signals to the SDU when the crew wants to transmit on the SATCOM system. The keyline signal also goes to the flight data acquisition unit (FDAU) for recording on the flight data recorder. Audio Control Panels The ACPs receive call light signals from the SDU. The ACPs send call cancel signals to the SDU when the crew pushes the call cancel switch on the ACP. Aural Warning Module The SDU sends a discrete signal to the aural warning module to make a high/low chime. When the SDU receives a call from the satellite system, the SDU causes the R630 SATCOM aural warning relay to energize. The relay sends 28v dc to the aural warning module. The aural warning module gives the high/low chime in the flight compartment.
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Air Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU) The left ADIRU sends this data to the SDU: - Present position - Ground speed - Track angle - True heading - Pitch angle - Roll angle - Inertial altitude. The SDU uses this data for location, attitude and computed Doppler correction. The SDU uses the data to compute beam steering commands for the antenna system. Data Loader Control Panel The SDU can send SATCOM system status reports to the data loader. The SDU can receive system operation programs from a data loader. The data loader control panel sends a data load enable signal to the SDU.
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5. SATELLITE DATA UNIT. Purpose The satellite data unit (SDU) is the system interface and controller for the SATCOM system. It contains the system operation software. The SDU also contains position and frequency data for each satellite. Physical Description - SRT FAULT - shows red if the SDU has an internal fault. - ANT FAULT - shows red if the antenna system has a fault. - CHANNEL MODULE - shows amber if channels fail. Flashes to show the number of failed channels, three flashes for a failed channel module. - CTU AVAILABLE - shows green if cabin telecommunication unit interface is operational. - LOG ON STATUS - shows green if the Aircraft Earth System has successfully logged on to the SATCOM system. - SELF TEST PASS - shows green after a self test if the SRT FAULT or ANT FAULT are not lit.
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6. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION. General The satellite data unit (SDU) is the system interface and controller for the SATCOM system. It contains system operation programs. The SDU has these components: - Intermediate frequency (IF) processor - Receive synthesizer - Modem - Transmit synthesizer - ARINC 429 input/output (I/O) - Audio interface - System processor. Intermediate Frequency Processor The IF processor receives signals from the radio frequency unit (RFU). The received signals go to filter circuits which separate the message and 10.24 MHz reference signals. The reference signals go to the receive and transmit synthesizers. This synchronizes the SDU synthesizers to the 10.24 MHz frequency standard in the RFU. The message signals go through filter and demodulator circuits and then to the modem. The filter/demodulator uses the input frequency from the receive synthesizer to remove the carrier frequency.
The common IF frequency goes to a mixer. It mixes the common IF frequency with the transmit synthesizer input frequency. The new frequency goes to the RFU. Receive Synthesizer The receive synthesizer receives the reference frequency signal from the IF processor. It also gets error correction signals from the modem. The receive synthesizer uses these inputs to send the correct frequency to the IF processor. Modem The modem is an interface between the IF processor and the rest of the SDU. It changes analog signals to digital signals for the receive synthesizer. It also gets frequency correction data for the transmit synthesizer. The link processor provides error correction and removes message data from the received signal. It sends the message data to the system processor. Transmit Synthesizer The transmit synthesizer receives the 10.24 MHz frequency reference from the IF processor. It also gets signals from the modem to tune the IF processor to the correct output frequency. The synthesizer may also get commands from the modem to correct for Doppler shift as the airplane flies to or away from the satellite.
The IF processor receives transmit signals from the modem. The IF processor filters change these signals to a common IF frequency and remove any unwanted signals.
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ARINC 429 Input/Output Circuits The ARINC 429 input/output (I/O) circuits control the interface between the SATCOM components and other systems. The SDU gets manual commands and data entries from the control display units (CDUs) on the CDU buses. The SDU sends BITE status and system configuration data to the CDUs on the SDU bus. The SDU gets airplane position data from the left ADIRU. The SDU uses the airplane position data to select the antenna system nearest the antenna.
System Processor The system processor controls all operations of the SDU and operates the complete SATCOM system. It sends call light signals to and receives call cancel signals from the ACPs. The memory keeps these data: - System operation - Satellite identification - Ground station identification - Channel frequencies.
The data loader control panel controls the interface between a data loader and the SDU. This interface is used to load system operation programs. The data loader control panel sends a discrete to the SDU to enable the processor to accept new system operation programs through the ARINC 429 input/ output circuits. Audio Interface The audio interface connects the SDU to the remote electronics unit (REU). It changes analog audio from the REU to digital data for the SDU. The audio interface also changes the digital SDU data to analog voice signals for the REU.
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7. RADIO FREQUENCY SPLITTER. Purpose The radio frequency splitter (RFS) lets the SATCOM system operate with multiple antennas. One transmit signal from the radio frequency unit (RFU) enters the RFS. The RFS sends the signal to the low noise amplifier/diplexers (LNA/DIPs).
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8. RADIO FREQUENCY COMBINER. Purpose The radio frequency combiner (RFC) lets the SATCOM system operate with more than one antenna. The RFC gets receive signals from the low noise amplifier/diplexers (LNA/DIPs).
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9. LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/DIPLEXER. Purpose The Low-Noise Amplifier and Diplexer (LNA/DIP) are put together into one unit. The LNA/DIP is a filter and an amplifier. It lets the SATCOM system receive and transmit signals at the same time. It also increases the strength of received low level satellite signals.
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10. LNA/DIP FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION. General The LNA/DIP has these parts: - Low noise amplifier - Diplexer - Transmit/receive switch - BITE board.
BITE Board The BITE board monitors the LNA/DIP on/off signal. The LNA/ DIP gets this signal from a BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA) to turn on or turn off the LNA/DIP. Only one BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA) and one LNA/DIP pair operate at a time. The BITE board also monitors the amplifier and sends failure data to the BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA).
Low Noise Amplifier The low noise amplifier increases the strength of the received RF signals from the antennas and sends them to the radio frequency combiner (RFC). Diplexer The diplexer has two filters, one for the transmit signal and one for the receive signal. The transmit filter lets the signal go from the high power relay (HPR) to the beam steering unit (BSU) in the high gain antenna (HGA). The receive filter lets the signal go from the BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA) to the low noise amplifier. Transmit/Receive Switch The transmit/receive switch connects the diplexer to the BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA). In the transmit mode, it receives the RF signal from the transmit filter in the diplexer and sends it to the BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA). In the receive mode, it receives the RF signal from the BSU in the high gain antenna (HGA) and sends it to the receive filter in the diplexer.
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11. HIGH GAIN ANTENNA. Purpose The top-mounted high gain antenna (HGA) transmits and receives signals. Functional Description The HGA is an electronically steerable phased array. Simultaneous transmission and reception of satellite signals (full duplex operation) is accomplished through the use of two different operational frequency bands: receive (Rx) band, and transmit (Tx) band. Beam steering of the HGA is performed via serial transmission of phase shifter data from the BSU. RF signals are transmitted to and received from the Diplexer/LNA unit.
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12. OPERATION. 12.1. Main Menu General The control display unit (CDU) has SATCOM pages that give control and status of the SATCOM system. You access the SATCOM pages from the MENU page on the CDU. SATCOM Main Menu To show the SATCOM MAIN MENU, push the MENU key on the CDU and then push the line select key (LSK) adjacent to
