003-Summary Geology Indonesia

Tectonic Configuration of SE Asia

Tectonic configuration of SE Asia showing Indonesian region is complex because it lies at the triple junction of three large plates; the Indo-   Australian Plate, Plate, Eurasian Plate Plate and Pacific Plate 

Tectonic Configuration of SE Asia

Tectonic configuration of SE Asia showing Indonesian region is complex because it lies at the triple junction of three large plates; the Indo-   Australian Plate, Plate, Eurasian Plate Plate and Pacific Plate 

• CENTERPOINT OF TRIPLE JUNCTION PLATE CONVER  •

NNE-MOVING INDO-AUSTRALIAN PLA PLATE TE (8CM/Y) PLATE TE (0.4CM/Y) • S-SE MOVING EURASIAN PLA

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TRIASSIC EMPLAC. & AMALGAM.MICROCONTS. AMALGAM.MICROCONTS.

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MESOZOIC PLATE CONVERGENCE

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PALEOGENE PLA PLATE TE CONVERGENCE CO NVERGENCE

•  NEOGENE PLATE PLATE CONVERGENCE (

OROGENY)

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PALEOZOIC AND MESOZOIC EXTENSION

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PALEOGENE ARC COLLISION

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 NEOGENE EMPLACEMENT EMPLACEMENT OF MICROCONTENTS MICROCONTENTS

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LATE LA TE NEOGENE PLA PLATE TE CONVER. (

OROGENY)

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TRIASSIC BREAKUP OF N-NW AUSTRALIA MARGIN

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MESOZOIC PASSIVE MARGINS  NEOGENE PLATE PLATE CONVERGENCE (

OROGENY)

COMMON COM MON INDONE INDONESIAN SIAN GEOL GEOLOG OGYC YCAL AL PRO PROVINCE  VINCE 

KONTUR 200 M

WESTERN INDONESIA EASTERN INDONESIA

TECTONIC REGIONS

ERASIA

PAC 1

4

SUNDALAND

INDO-AUS

2

3 AUS

Tectonic Configuration

WE STE RN I NDONESI A

PROTO-EASTERN INDONESIA

TECTONIC CONFIGURATION 

EASWARD SUBDUCTION MOVEMENT

TECTONIC CONFIGURATION 

COLLISION OF BANGGAI-SULA MICROCONTINENT AND  STARTING TIME WHEN INDONESIAN   ARCHIPELAGO BECOME UNITY 

EXISTING BASIN DISTRIBUTION MAP 

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60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI – BPPKA) CONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATION  •

PETA TEKTONIK DAN CEKUNGAN

BPMIGAS-LAPI ITB (2008)

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE SUBDUCTION ZONES

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE COLLISION ZONES

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE VOLCANIC BELTS

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE WRENCH FAULTINGS

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE THRUST FAULTINGS

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ACTIVE/REACTIVE BLOCK FAULTINGS

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WHOLY ACTIVE SEISMIC ZONES

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JUXTAPOS.AUTOCHT.ANDALLOCHT.TERRAINS

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REOCCURRING EARTHQUAKES

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REOCCURRING TSUNAMIS

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REOCCURRING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

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RECENT LAND COLLAPSINGS RECENT COASTAL ABRASIONS

Peta Geotektonik Indonesia

0

400 km

Fig 1a.

2¡  

KALIMANTAN

4¡

 S       U      M      A      T      R      A     

SULAWESI

Bone Bay Province

Central Java Sea Province

Makassar Strait Province

6¡ East Java Sea Province

JAVA Flores Sea Province

8¡

FLORES

0 km

106¡

200 km

108¡

110¡

112¡

114¡

116¡

118¡

120¡

Legends Bone Bay Province Makassar Strait Province Central Java Sea Province East Java Sea Province Flores Sea Province

   0    0    1

Bouguer anomaly contour Gravity high Gravity low Province boundary Lineation

122¡

124¡

Fig 2. Seismotectonic map of Indonesia (Kertapati et al.,1992)

Seismic zone of Indonesia

OROGE NY DURI NG NE OGE NE  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

SUNDA OROGENY BARISAN OROGENY TALAUD OROGENY SULAWESI OROGENY BANDA OROGENY MELANESIAN OROGENY DAYAK OROGENY

BAR I SAN OROGE NY 

Oblique subduction and dextral wrenching in Sumatera

BARISAN OROGENY

NIAS

INDIAN OCEAN SW

Nicobar Fan

Sunda Trench

Ridge

Forearc

Basin

BARISAN M OUNTAINS Toba Ca ldera

MALLACA STRAIT

Barisan Fault

Backarc Basin

0 Mesozoic Accretionary Complexes

SUNDALAND CRATON

Km INDIAN OCEAN PLATE EURASIAN PLATE

NE

Epicenter and isoseismal map of the 1994 Liwa eartquake in Sumatera

 Sei  Sei smi smi c r eflec flecti ons pr ofile fi le sho showi ng the develop lopment of nega negatti ve  flow  flower s str str uct ucture i n A nda ndaman sea sea ( H ar di ng,198 ng,1983)

P osit si ti ve F low lower Str uctur ucture e of B asin si n F ault Syste System i n No N or ther her n Sum S uma ater a

ONSHORE-BACK ARC BASIN SUMATERA SUMATERA CONSISTS OF NORTH, CENTRAL AND SOUTH BASINS 

TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION of SUMATRA BASIN 

(Heidrick & Aulia 1993)

BASIN DEFORMATION AND EVOLUTION STYLES IN NORTH, CENTRAL AND

TECTONIC SETTING OF SUMATRA BASIN

(Heidrick & Aulia 1993)

 SUM ATE RA RE SUL T FROM OBL I QUE C ONV E RGE NCE , AN D MOR PH O-TE CTONI C SE TTI NG CONSI ST OF OCE AN BASI N, SUBDUCTI ON ZONE , FORE ARC B ASI N, MAGMATI C ARC AND

TECTONIC ELEMENT NORTH SUMATRA BASIN 

 A SERIES OF HALF-GRABEN FORMED IN THE NORTH SUMATERA BASIN DURING  EARLY RIFTING IS SUGGESTED AS THE MAIN SHALE DEPOSITION POTENTIAL

REGIONAL STRUCTURE F3

C E N T R A L S U MA T R A B A S I N R E G I ON A L S E C T I O N  

F2

F2

F3 F0; Pre-Tertiary F1; Eocene-Oligocene rifting in N-NNE F2; L Oligocene- M Miocene extensional N-NNW F3; Plesitocene – Recent in NW – SE Direction

Structural Map of Central Sumatera Basin showing the N-S structural orientation as

TOP BASEMENT STRUCTURAL CONTOUR DEPTH 

Approximately, Location of the Sinembah Block 

Santy, 2006

 SUNDA OROGE NY 

SUNDA OROGENY

S

INDIAN OCEAN Roo Rise

Jawa Trench

JAWA Volcanic Arc

Forearc Basin Ri dge

JAWA SEA Sunda Shelf  Kendeng Thrust

N

0 SUNDALAND CRATON

Mesozoic Accretionary Complexes

Km INDIAN OCEAN PLATE

EURASIAN PLATE 50 100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Normal subduction & Back arc thrusting in Jawa-Nusatenggara

Fig 4B. Subduction system of Jawa Trench (Hamilton, 1979)

 penyebaran dari batuan-batuan volkanik dari ke dua periode; AkhirAwal Miosen dan Miosen Akhir dan Pliosen Akhir DISTRIBUSI PENYEBARAN BATUAN VOLKANIK DI PULAU JAWA (ATMADJA ET AL 19??)

REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF JAVA

 After PERTAMINA-BPPKA, 1996

Banyumas Blok 

Regionally, two major strike-slip faults flanking Central Java may continue to the Meratus and Lematang Fault, respectively. In this position, Central Java is

Back-arc thrusting in Northern West Jawa ( Supriyanto & Ibrahim, 1993)

Focal mechanism of shallow eartquakes in Bali region (Soehaimi &

 Seismic reflections profile of F lores Sea ( Budiono et al.,1995)

REGIONAL GEOLOGY

REGIONAL GEOLOGY

A

B

 A. SK E TSA KARTON YANG ME MPE RLI H ATK AN POSI SI SUB DUK SI PAD A KAPUR DI DAE RAH CI LE TUH DI BAGI AN SE LATAN HI NGGA KE LAUT JAWA DI UTARA B. SUBDUKSI BE RPINDAH KE TIMUR, DAN MENGHASI LKAN CEKUNGAN ANTAR

A

B

A. SKETSA KARTON YANG MEMPERLIHATKAN POSISI SUBDUKSI PADA SAAT MIOSEN TENGAH B. SUBDUKSI BERPINDAH DARI ARAH TIMURLAUT –  BARAT DAYA MENJADI TIMUR  –  BARAT PADA WAKTU MISEN TENGAH DAN MNEGAKIBATKAN

TALAUD OROGENY

Double arc collision, double opposing thrusting and transpressional wrenching in Molucca Sea region

TALAUD OROGENY  SULAWESI SEA W

NORTH SULAWESI San gih e Arc

Thru st

MOLLUCA SEA HALMAHERA Talaud Ridge  Arc Mayu Thrust

PACIFIC OCEAN Halmahera-Waigeo Ophiolite Terrane

0 Imbricated ophiolite Km SULAWESI SEA PLATE 50

MOLLUCA SEA PLATE

PHILIPPINE SEA PLATE

E

Fig 5A. Seismic zones along 30’EW in Molucca Sea region (GRDC, SeateanTransect VIII,1995)

Fig 5C. Double, parallel-slided subduction system in northern Molucca Sea region (4o N)

Fig 5D. Double arc collision in northern Molucca Sea region

SULAWESI OROGENY

Collision of microcontinents island arc, ophiolite obduction, upthrusting of benioff complex and sinistral wrenching of Pahe-Koro Fault in Sulawesi SULAWESI OROGENY

W

CENTRAL SUL AWESI Metamorphic belt Magmatic Arc Palu-Koro Fault Thrust Belt

MAKASSAR STRAIT

EAST ARM SULAWESI Ophiolite Belt Batui thrust

BANGGAL

SULA

0

Km

SUNDA LAND

EURASIAN PLATE 50

BANGGAL SULA MIKROCONTINENT

E

Fig 6B. Seismic reflection profiles from Banda Sea Region & Sulawesi

Fig 6C. Transitional Wrenching of South Sula Fault in Banda Sea Region (modified after Garrard et al, 1988)

Minahasa Seismic Zone

Maluku Seismic Zone

Palu-Koro Seismic Zone

Paternoster- Walanae Seismic Zone Fig 6E. Structures and focal mechanism of Sulawesi

BANDA OROGENY

N

W

E

S

BATHYMETRHY MAP W

N

YAMDENA BLOCK

YAMDENA BLOCK

E

S

MAP INDEX

Arc-continental collision in Southern Banda Sea region

BANDA OROGENY

S

TIMOR SEA Sahul Shelf 

TIMOR RIDGE Timor Through

VOLKANIC ARC (inactive) Wetar Thrust Kisar Thrust

BANDA SEA

0

Km

 AUSTRALIAN CRATON BANDA SEA PLATE

50

N

REGIONAL GEOLOGY; STRUCTURAL SETTINGS   STRUCTURAL SETTINGS  Interaction of three major  plates, the Indian-Australian  plate to the south, the Eurasian plate to the northwest, and the Pacific  plate to the northeast since before the Miocene epoch. Three sets of structural trend in The Eastern Indonesia – NW Australia can be recognize as follow : E – W trend  , strike slip fault due to E – W compressional stress induced by subduction of Pacific Plate during Neogene. NE – SW trend   , graben, due to Late Mesozoic (Triassic – Middle Jurassic) tensional force. NW – SE trend  , graben, due to Early Paleozoic intracratonic rift.  Arafura Sea II Block is situated in  Arafura Shelf (Northern Platform) which is slightly deformed stable  platform (Peck & Soulhol, 1986) 





•

BASIN MARGIN

Tectonic profile across northern Banda Sea region showing the development of transtresional wrenching of Sorong, Bacan and North Sula Faults ( modified after Letouzey et al, 1983)

Seismic reflection profile across Timor & Seram Troughs

Evolution of the foredeep. A: Contraction started after the Early Pliocene unconformity was  produced. B and C: Tilting of the unconformity started during the deposition of the transgressive sequence, and the slope  became steeper with time. D: Contraction continued as the foredeep was  being filled and younger thrusts started to develop in the basin itself, hence deforming the sediments  just deposited.

MELANESIAN OROGENY

MELANESIA OROGENY

S

Extentional Tect. Hot Spots Neogene Volc.

Dolak Merauke Plateform

Foreland Basin

Thrust Belt  Asmat Thrust

CENTRAL RANGES Paleogene Arc

PACIFIC OCEAN N Sorong Fault Zone Meervlakte Basin New Guinea Trench

0

Km

 AUSTRALIAN CRATON CAROLINE PLATE

50 100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Fig 8B. Regional seismotectonic map of Irian Jaya (Soehaimi et al, 1996)

Fig 8C. Focal mechanism of the 1996 Biak eartquakes, Irian Jaya region

IRIANJAYA ARAFURA TECTONIC FRAMEWORK  A complex interaction of the Indo Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific plates. Regional setting is of Eastern Indonesia is  strongly related to the geological setting of  northern Australia.

N 

The island of New Guinea is situated on the northern margin Indo-Australian (Figure 2). This margin is obliquely convergent with the Pacific plate.

 S   S 

N 

The island was formed as a result of arccontinent collision that began when the northern edge of the Australian continent  entered a north-dipping subduction zone beneath the Melanesian island arc complex  (Dewey and Bird 1970; Jaques and   Robinson, 1977; Hamilton, 1979; Dow et al., 1988).  .

Regional Cross Section PAPUA; CENTRAL RANGE AREA

Tectonic setting of Papua and section across its tectonic elements. Elements of anatomy of Papua Central Ranges are shown on the section from undeformed Merauke Platform, through foreland basin, collisional orogen and suture, to oceanic crust of Pacific Plate (modified after Simandjuntak and Barber, 1996 in Satyana et al., 2007).

TECTONICS AND STRUCTURAL GRAINS 

BASEMENT CONFIGURATION OF PAPUA (GRAVITY) Geology of Papua (Irian Jaya

Overlapped Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Paleozoic basins with different structural aligments, and also show  parallel NW-SE Paleozoic basins propagated from northwestern margin Australia to Papua.

Paleozoic-Mesozoic sequences

 Sorong Fault Zone

2

Koor Fault 

Structural Grain of Papua

Ransiki Fault  Yapen Fault  Wandame Fault 

Memberamo Fault & T  hrust Zone

Lengguru Fault  Wayland Fault  Tariku Fault  9

Darewo Fault 

Tarera-Aiduna Fault  8

Foreland Fold & Thrust beltZone

IFB = Irian Jaya Fold Belt, LFB -= Lengguru Fold Belt, MTFB = Mamberamo Thrust-and-FoldBelt,  SFZ = Sorong Fault Zone, YFZ = Yapen Fault Zone, RFZ = Ransiki Fault Zone, TAFZ = Tarera-Aiduna Fault Zone, WT = Waipona Trough.

IRIANJAYA ARAFURA TECTONIC FRAMEWORK

IRIANJAYA CRUSTAL CROSS-SECTION

Figure. 4.4 : Irianjaya Crustal Cross-Section

Generalised map of the western IJFB showing the locations of major faults, wells, and the approximate outline of Conoco’s Warim Block. Contours showing estimated depth to basement (Hobson et al., 1997) outline the basement high. The area of the conceptual plays described i n this paper are shown to stretch from offshore west of the basement high eastward to the major change in Paleozoic basement at approximately 139o30’. Key: CC-1, Cross Catalina-1; K-1, Kembelangan-1; LFB, Lengguru FoldBelt; NW-1, Noordwest-1. (Kendrick, R.D